1. Imperialism and World War I
America insists on “more”…be careful what you wish for!

2. Imperialism: the extension of a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force or both.
We want “MORE”: power, control, land, territory, raw materials, money, markets for new products

3. WHY did the U.S. get so imperialistic?
MORE
Raw materials
Influence
Profit
Land
SUPERIORITY
NEW MARKETS
Our frontier is settled,
we need new overseas
markets for selling
Darwinism: we owe it to the world to help them survive
U.S. Imperialism

4. Roosevelt’s Great White Fleet
What do we need to protect our new overseas markets?
A NAVY!
Roosevelt’s Great White Fleet

5. Japan had refused trade with the West to preserve their culture.
1853: Commodore Perry impressed Japan with steam- powered warships—Japan opens trade with U.S.
Japanese rendering of the modern U.S. steam warship.
American painting titled, “Commodore
Perry Carrying the Gospel of God to the Heathen”, 1853
What emotions do these artists show in their work?

6. How do events in Japan and Hawaii illustrate IMPERIALIST attitudes?
Sugar planters had been very successful in Hawaii— profits were high
Congress passed a law that benefitted only U.S. sugar companies, so planters want Hawaii to be part of the U.S.
New Hawaiian queen overthrown, and U.S. annexes Hawaii—no statehood until late 1950s.
How do events in Japan and Hawaii illustrate IMPERIALIST attitudes?

7. How is this example of Imperialism different than Japan and Hawaii?
U.S. businesses wanted more markets for products in Latin America
Pan-American Conference, 1889: wanted a tax limit (customs) agreement and a dispute court—both rejected
Did get an agreement to create a group to work toward fair trade practices
How is this example of Imperialism different than Japan and Hawaii?

8. The Spanish-American War
1898
Cuba is the last Spanish-controlled territory in the New World
Cuba exports 12 times more sugar to U.S. than to home country
Cuban people want independence from Spain
71st New York Cavalry
April 23rd—Spain declares war on U.S.
April 25th—U.S. declares war on Spain
War in Cuba against Spain begins
Teddy Roosevelt resigns as Sec. of Navy and fights with the Rough Riders
Congress demands action by U.S. in Cuba
Battle of San Juan Hill
Yellow Journalists go nuts, provide fake “proof” Spain was responsible
Fighting ends August 12, treaty Dec. 10
U.S.S. Maine explodes, sinks on Cuban shore
fighting begins, U.S. business loses $$
“yellow journalism” = Spain is evil
Also fighting in Phillipines, Guam, Puerto Rico
U.S. takes possession of Phillipines, Guam, Puerto Rico
U.S. wants to help, Spain is angry
Cubans demand independence
Cuba independent in 1902, but U.S. keeps Guantanamo Bay naval base
Civil War erupts between Cuba and Spain

9. What did the U.S. gain by brokering this deal with China?
Many European countries held “leaseholds” in China: areas of land that were owned by China, but controlled by the country.
U.S. businesses worried they’d be left out of profit opportunities in Asia, so they worked with other countries on the…
What did the U.S. gain by brokering this deal with China?
Open Door Policy: all countries agree to allow all other countries to trade freely with China

10. President McKinley is Assassinated

11. President Theodore Roosevelt
“Walk softly, and carry a big stick.”
Roosevelt at his first inauguration, after the death of President McKinley

12. Roosevelt’s Imperialist Policies
Asia
Russo-Japanese war in 1905; TR brokered a peace agreement between them to end the war. TR wins the Nobel Peace Prize for this act.
Latin America
TR wants canal in the Panama region of Columbia, but Columbia says no. He arms rebels in the region, they revolt against Columbia, then sell him the land for the canal.
Corollary
Roosevelt Corollary: Also, the U.S. will get involved in Latin America whenever we feel it’s necessary.
Dollar Diplomacy (Taft)
U.S. business should support development of industry in Latin Amer. That way, U.S. would get more markets for products, and L.A. would rise out of poverty. (Bank loans, building factories there, etc.)

13. President Wilson Mexican Revolution Damage done:
Mex. dictator Diaz was overthrown. New leader Madero was murdered by another rebel, Huerta. Pres. Wilson was disgusted, refused to recognize any gov’t unless it’s based on law and not violence. Huerta, however, did not give up power like Wilson had hoped.
Damage done:
Wilson used the mistaken arrest of some U.S. sailors as an excuse to send troops to invade Mexico. He was surprised when Mexican people did NOT like that. Raiding parties went into U.S. trying to start a fight—Pancho Villa killed 16 Americans in New Mexico, Wilson sent 6,000 troops, they failed to capture Villa, made the U.S. look stupid.

14. Choose THREE of the facts from each list to include on your notes…
FUN FACTS!!
Choose THREE of the facts from each list to include on your notes…