1. Europe in the Middle Ages
Early Middle Ages ~ A.D
Medieval Conflicts ~ A.D
The High and Late Middle Ages ~ A.D

2. A New Civilization in Europe
Middle Ages—A.D
Culture of Middle Ages—Medieval civilization, coming from Latin term “middle age”
Topography of Europe was varied—mountains, flat lads, valleys, etc.
Most of Europe’s early cities were built near major rivers.

3. A New Civilization in Europe
Charlemange built an empire that stretched across what is now France, Germany, and Italy by A.D. 800.
Charlemange worked with the Catholic Church to spread Christianity.
Many of his advisors were members of the clergy—the group of people who are trained and ordained for religious services.
Charlemagne left a lasting legacy in Europe—he extended Christianity into northern Europe.
After Charlemange’s death, much of Europe split apart.

4. A New Civilization in Europe
Monastery—a secluded community where men called monks focus on prayer
Convent—religious community for women known as nuns
Pagan—follower of polytheism
Missionary—a person who tries to convert others to a particular religion
Saint—an especially holy person

5. A New Civilization in Europe
Invaders—Viking Invasions
Vikings—best described solely as destructive raiders.
Monasteries were ideal targets for Viking attacks because they were close to the Vikings’ homeland.

6. A New Civilization in Europe
Feudalism—type of government in which lords and vassals run manors under loyalty to their king
King
Lords and Vassals
Knights
Peasants and Serfs

7. A New Civilization in Europe
Knights—warriors mounted on horseback in Medieval Europe
Chivalry—code by which knights were expected to be brave, loyal, an generous
Serfs—peasants who were legally bound to the lord’s land