1. Chapter six - The Speaking Environment
Chapter Overview
Discusses the various formats, locations, and tools available for different speaking occasions
Explains the theoretical concepts related to scene and spectacle and how they influence a speech
Provides useful tips for maximizing the environment when delivering a speech
Chapter Six - The Speaking Environment

2. The Speaking Situation
May be an individual speech
Could be a group speech
Moderator approach
Bookend approach
Chapter Six - The Speaking Environment

3. Chapter Six - The Speaking Environment
Speaking Location
Room size is a consideration
Different sized rooms have different acoustics
Small rooms have more intimacy than large rooms
Outdoor speeches are unique
Be prepared for distraction
Weather can interfere with the speech
Chapter Six - The Speaking Environment

4. Chapter Six - The Speaking Environment
Speaking Tools
Microphones can be fixed or movable
Podiums raise the speaker above the audience
Lecterns are raised surfaces to put things on
Lighting is usually controlled indoors, but outside can present problems
Chapter Six - The Speaking Environment

5. Chapter Six - The Speaking Environment
The Dais
The speaker is raised so all can see him/her
The speaker communicates with the choices of clothing worn
Chapter Six - The Speaking Environment

6. Chapter Six - The Speaking Environment
Speech as Spectacle
There is a rhetorical situation
Speakers have a relationship with their audience and must speak accordingly
Each rhetorical situation is different
Through the speech meaning is created
Chapter Six - The Speaking Environment

7. Speech as Spectacle Cont.
A spectacle is a symbolic event and details send a message
Referential symbols refer to specific messages of aspects of a message
Condensation symbols produce an emotion by condensing the emotion into a symbolic event
Travel spectacles are when the speaker going somewhere sends a message
Due to society’s structural change spectacle is ever increasingly more important
Chapter Six - The Speaking Environment

8. Chapter Six - The Speaking Environment
Using the Scene
The speaker should know the scene and its components
Be sure electronic equipment is on site and working
Are there scene references that can be woven into the speech?
Chapter Six - The Speaking Environment

9. Chapter Six - The Speaking Environment
During the Speech
Use speaking tools appropriately
Speaker movement can be effective
Noise and distractions can surface, be prepared
Chapter Six - The Speaking Environment

10. Chapter Six - The Speaking Environment
Dealing with Hecklers
Although rare, they can be problematic
Try ignoring them
Point out they are disrupting the event for others
Security may have to remove them
Chapter Six - The Speaking Environment

11. Chapter Six - The Speaking Environment
Finally…
Speakers can use the scene and speech to capitalize on the potential of the situation
Chapter Six - The Speaking Environment