1. INHERITANCE

2. OFFSPRING
Parent’s trait
Cell nucleus  chromosome  gene

3. Father of Genetics  Gregor Mendel  monk from Austria (1822 -1844)
He studied about heredity using peas
His principles  Mendel Law

4. Chromosome Carries trait factors Small unit  genes
In chromosome’s loci
Pair of chromosome = homologous chromosome

6. Human Chromosome MALE FEMALE BODY (autosome) GAMETE (gonosome) BODY
22 AA + X Y
GAMETE (gonosome)
22 A + Y
22 A + X
BODY
22 AA + X X
GAMETE
22 A + X

9. Term in Crossing
Generative
Mixing of parents’ trait  fertilization

10. 1. Genotype and Phenotype
All traits are inherited, include unexpressed traits
Traits  genes in chromosomes = genotype
Expressed traits = fenotype
Capital letter: dominant traits
Small letter: recessive
Ex: H = dominant
h = recessive

11. 2.Homozygote and Heterozygote
phenotype
HH = smooth hh = rough Hh = smooth
Homozygote or heterozygote?
genotype

12. 3. Intermediate
M – red
m – white
MM ?
mm?
Mm ?

13. 4. Gamete, Parental, Filial
Dominant homozygote (MM)
Recessive homozygote (mm)
Heterozygote (Mm)
Parental
Filial  filius (F1)
GAMETE?

14. 1st 2nd Mendel’s Law Crossing Combination from male and female
Law of Equal Segregation
Independent Assortment