1. Chapter 13: The Presidency

3. The Basics
35 Years Old Natural Born Citizen 14 year Residency White, Protestant, Males Kennedy and Obama 13/43 have served 2 terms 6 chose not to 7 failed at reelection

4. Succession and Impeachment
“Accidental Presidents” 9 VP’s have taken over upon death/resigning Gerald Ford example Impeachment House  Senate Johnson and Clinton Nixon resigned

6. Disability and Succession
Woodrow Wilson 25th Amendment (1967) Presidential Capacity Notification in writing VP and majority of the Cabinet House or Reps

7. Line of Succession
VP, Speaker of the House, President Pro Tempore, Secretary of State…Cabinet in order of addition

8. Presidential Powers
Original intent vs Today’s reality Most sensitive powers went to Congress -War, taxing, commerce -Senate must ok treaties and appointments 4 year terms, Electoral College America’s role in the world and technology are changing it

11. The Presidency Today
1970’s skepticism of power Vietnam, Watergate “Executive Privilege” Ford and Carter struggles Reagan, Bush, Clinton, Bush

12. The Chief Executive
Preside, execute, administer “…faithfully execute the laws…” $3.7 trillion budget and over 4 million employees Appoints nearly 2,500 positions -more attention on loyalty creates more centralized policy Budgeting and Accounting Act 1921

13. Vice President
Strategic selection for elections Preside over the Senate tie-breaking vote Presidential Capacity Succession More active lately

16. The Cabinet
Washington’s precedent 3 + A.G. Congress must approve new positions and appointments Secretaries of…

18. Executive Office
National Security Council (NSC) Council of Economic Advisors (CEA) Office of Management and Budget (OMB)

20. White House Staff
True employees of the President Jefferson had 2; paid for out of his own pocket Today, over 600 Chief of Staff is the boss Congressional liaisons Press Secretary Political Advisors

21. The First Lady
No official duties Usually take up a cause i.e. Childhood Health Adams, Madison, and Wilson Clinton acted as part of the gov

23. Presidential Leadership of Congress
Shared powers require co-op. and persuasion Chief Legislator State of the Union Signing Laws Veto Power (options) Effective threat (4%) Signing Statements Clinton v City of New York No line item vetoes

25. Resources for Passing Legislation
1. Party Leadership Party coalition D/R’s not all the same Loyal to const. Must use cong. Leaders Lose seats in midterms Decentralized parties Must convert opp. party

28. Resources for Passing Legislation
2. Public Support Public opinion (polls) pressures cong. Can depend on pop. of the Pres. Electoral Mandates 1932, 1964, 1980 claimed too often

31. Resources for Passing Legislation
3. Legislative Skills Honeymoon Bargaining, personal skills Agenda Setting Limited political capital; must decide where to use it

32. National Security Policy
Chief Diplomat Recognition/Ambassadors Treaties (Senate o.k.) Executive Agreements Commander in Chief Civilian control of military (standing army, alliances) War Powers Resolution 1973 Consult w/ Cong. 60 days w/o Cong. approval Concurrent resolution would end action Legislative veto = unconstitutional

33. National Security Policy
Crisis Manager Missile Crisis, Iran, 9/11, Katrina, BP President is able to act decisively National Security is easier to lead Domestic Policy requires persuasion

34. Power of the People
More visible president- daily appearances Staged events Approval ratings allow for more infuence “Popularity” “Pocketbook”

35. The Public Presidency
Bully Pulpit speeches/events to gather public support Mobilize public support to pressure congress -Reagan’s 1981 tax cuts (unusual)

36. The President and the Press
Intermediary for the people Adversarial after 1960’s Press wants info Pres. wants message Whitehouse press secretary -Briefings -Scripted

37. The President and the Press
“Body Watch” -where is he, what is he doing…? (substance?) Coverage is more superficial, oversimplified, and overblown Thematic coverage: Ford, G.W. bush