1. Module V.1 M&E of adaptation to climate change in the NAP process Trainer: [Name]

2. Overview of this module
Rationale of M&E in the context of the NAP process
Practical approaches for M&E
Lessons learnt: use M&E for learning and steering the NAP process from the beginning on
Provide an overview of the content of the presentation, starting with “Objectives of the module” (see next slide).
If you find it useful, you may use this field to insert notes – but only sparingly, please!!

3. What can you expect to learn from this session?
Understand importance and challenges of M&E in the NAP process
Learn about different approaches and examples for M&E
Understand how to develop ‘good’ metrics / indicators and how to operationalize M&E
List two to four learning objectives of the module.
What would you like each participant to know and be able to do when he/she has completed the module? Make the participants clearly understand the intended learning outcome and the relevance of the topic.

4. Content
Rationale for adaptation M&E
Purposes of M&E
How to develop an M&E system
What to measure / indicator development
Successful operation

5. Rationale for adaptation M&E
Understand what works well (and what doesn‘t)
Support management under uncertainty
Accountability for climate finance
Comply with national and international reporting
Learning
STEERING
REPORTING
ACCOUNTABILITY

6. Challenges of adaptation M&E
Uncertainty
In climate and socio-economic development
Long time horizon
Success of adaptation only visible after extended timeframe
Complexity
Entanglement with social and economic stressors
Context-dependent
No universal indicator
Context-dependent
No universal indicator
No one metric
What to monitor? Which indicators to use?
Key message: The main challenges are mentioned here and will be explained / explored in the following slides.

7. What is the purpose of the M&E system?
Broad spectrum of purposes, e.g.:
Monitor results-oriented implementation of adaptation actions and plans, e.g. for a country with a comprehensive planning framework
Example: Philippines, United Kingdom
Monitor the NAP process itself, how it is progressing (but not the actual adaptation results)
Example: PEG tool by the LDC group
Two key take-aways:
1. No one-size-fits-all solution for all purposes/contexts
2. An adaptation M&E system does not necessarily need to be new and highly complex – it can rather build on existing information and monitoring systems

8. Analysis of 10 adaptation M&E Systems
Best practice approaches
Development process
Exemplary indicators
Lessons learned
Another helpful tool which we recently published is a Comparative Analysis of Ten M&E Systems. The study provides orientation for countries that are in the process of developing an M&E system for adaptation as it showcases best-practice approaches for adaptation M&E, the development process of these systems, exemplary indicators and lessons learned to date. Based on the analysis of the ten systems we also developed a repository of adaptation-relevant indicators for national M&E systems, which will be published soon. The study also includes examples where the TAMD framework was applied (Kenya and Nepal) as well as countries where the development of M&E systems was supported by GIZ (the Philippines and the Mekong River Commission).

9. How to develop the adaptation M&E system
Key message:
Ensure reflection at policy and decision-making level.
Key message:
Be country specific. There is no one-size-fits-all solution.
Key message:
Set realistic timelines for development of M&E system.
Key message:
Bring methods (e.g. result chain, VA) in line with purpose
Download a repository of national-level adaptation M&E indicators on AdaptationCommunity.net:
Key message:
Get inspiration from indicator repository but tailor to specific context.

10. What to measure - I
What the Technical Guidelines mention:
Input metrics: e.g. expertise and knowledge to support the work, provided resources;
Output metrics: products and services delivered, new skills and knowledge developed;
Process metrics: presence of leadership for each activity, a functioning peer-review process, involvement of stakeholders

11. What the Technical Guidelines mention:
What to measure - II
What the Technical Guidelines mention:
Outcome or results-based metrics: measure results that stem directly from the actions of the programme, e.g. improved adaptive capacity, the integration of CC concerns into planning and development processes, reduced vulnerability
Impact metrics: long-term consequences of outcomes, such as tangible societal benefits, a resilient society.

12. Indicator development: monitoring areas
Indicators should comply with the SMART rule: be
S: Specific
M: Measurable
A: Attainable (targets)
R: Relevant
T: Time-bound
Example: Flooding
Expected intensity of floods
No. of people at risk from flooding
Attention for presenter: The term ‚Impacts‘ might refer to impacts by climate change as well as to impacts by the NAP (results). To clearly distinguish the two different areas, the former is called impact in the slide, the latter response / results. The presenter should briefly point to this potential source of misunderstanding.
% of households with safe drinking water

13. Example of a method for adaptation M&E: results chain
Annual income of small farmers per year.
Funds provided for training
No. of small scale dams under operation
Wheat yield of small farmers per year.
Source: WIR/GIZ (2011): Making adaptation count.

14. Key tips for a successful M&E development – I
Clarify purpose: be clear about what M&E is done for (purpose), how its results should be used and by whom
Designate clear responsibilities for collecting data, analysis and reporting
Limit complexity of your indicator system: focus on those areas which you consider most relevant
Further reading:

15. Key tips for a successful M&E development – II
Use as much as possible existing data sources and monitoring systems. Relevant questions:
What data and information are being collected already by other M&E frameworks (e.g. from agriculture, water, health, economic development etc.) and are relevant for M&E of adaptation?
Which already existing data sources refer to CC impacts, vulnerabilities, adaptation outputs and outcomes, etc.?
What could be done to make other data relevant for adaptation M&E – potentially through adjustments?
Further reading:

16. Exercise step 1: define key areas for monitoring / drafting indicators

17. Exercise step 2: institutional set up for M&E
In a second step you reflect institutional aspects of monitoring
It is important that clear responsibilities for data collection and assessment as well as reporting will be designated
Please work on institutional aspects and on the usability of existing monitoring systems for your country and document your findings in matrix V.1.2

18. Imprint
Published by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH
Climate Policy Support Project
Dag-Hammarskjöld-Weg Eschborn, Germany T F
Contact E I
Responsible Nele Bünner, GIZ
Author Alfred Eberhardt
Contributions by
Timo Leiter
This presentation is part of a NAP country-level training that has been developed by GIZ on behalf of BMZ and in cooperation with the NAP Global Support Programme (NAP-GSP), in particular UNDP and UNITAR.
The training is designed to support countries in setting up a National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process. It builds on the NAP Technical Guidelines developed by the Least- Developed Countries Expert Group (LEG).
You are welcome to use the slides, as long as you do not alter its content or design (including the logos), nor this imprint. If you have any questions regarding the training, please contact Till Below or Nele Bünner at GIZ. For questions related to the Technical Guidelines, please refer to the UNFCCC’s NAP Support Portal.
As a federally owned enterprise, the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH supports the German Government in achieving its objectives in the field of international cooperation for sustainable development. GIZ also engages in human resource development, advanced training and dialogue.