1. Fereshte Shabany Moghadam f_sh_moghadam@yahoo.com
‘In the Name of Kind ALLAH’
Information Systems
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
Amir-Kabir University of Technology
Tehran, Iran
Department of Industrial Engineering

2. Introduction Definition of a system:
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
Introduction
Definition of a system:
A set of components that interact together to achieve a common goal
System Goal
SMART
Specific, Measurable, Assignable, Realistic, Tamable
System Boundaries
Inputs
Outputs
Process
Feedback
Actions
Actions
Analysis

3. Introduction Definition of an Information System (IS):
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
Introduction
Definition of an Information System (IS):
Set of procedures, processes, objects and people that will produce useful information for members & customers of an organization
Project phases:
Planning
Why build the system?
Analysis
Who, what, when, where will the system be?
Design
How will the system work?
Implementation
System delivery
System Development Life Cycle
SDLC

4. Introduction Project Initiation System Request Feasibility Analysis
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
Introduction
Planning Phase
Project Initiation
System Request
Feasibility Analysis
Approval Committee
Project Management

5. Introduction Analysis Phase Analysis + System Concept + Models
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
Introduction
Analysis Phase
Analysis
+ System Concept
+ Models
are combined into the
System Proposal

6. Introduction Design Phase Decides how the system will operate
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
Introduction
Design Phase
Decides how the system will operate
Architecture design
User interface design (UI)
Database design
Program design
Implementation Phase
Construction
Conversion/Installation
Maintenance & Support
Process
Product
Planning
Analysis
Design
Implementation
Project Plan
System Proposal
System
Specification
New System and
Maintenance Plan

7. IS Development Methodologies
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
IS Development Methodologies
1- Structured design
Waterfall Development Method

8. IS Development Methodologies
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
IS Development Methodologies
Parallel development

9. IS Development Methodologies
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
IS Development Methodologies
Spiral Model

10. IS Development Methodologies
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
IS Development Methodologies
2- Rapid Application Development (RAD)
Phased Development
Break overall system into a series of versions
Each version has Analysis, Design, and Implementation
Output from on version is the input to the next
Incorporate ideas, issues, lessons learned in one version into the next version

11. IS Development Methodologies
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
IS Development Methodologies
Prototyping
Analysis, Design, Implementation are performed concurrently
Start with a "quick-and-dirty" prototype
Provides minimal functionality
Repeat process, refining the prototype each time
Stop when prototype is a working system

12. IS Development Methodologies
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
IS Development Methodologies

13. IS Development Methodologies
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
IS Development Methodologies
Throw-Away Prototyping
Use prototypes only to understand requirements
Example: use html to show UI
Prototype is not a working design
Once requirements are understood,
the prototypes are thrown away
The system is then built using SDLC

14. IS Development Methodologies
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
IS Development Methodologies

15. IS Development Methodologies
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
IS Development Methodologies
3- Agile development
XP streamline SDLC
Just a few rules that are easy to learn and follow Streamline the SDLC
Eliminate much of the modeling and documentation
Emphasize simple, iterative application development

16. IS Development Methodologies
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
IS Development Methodologies

17. How Select the Appropriate Methodology?
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
How Select the Appropriate Methodology?
Clarity of User Requirements
Familiarity with Technology
System Complexity
System Reliability
Short Time Schedules
Schedule Visibility

18. Criteria for Selecting a Methodology
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
Criteria for Selecting a Methodology

19. Contemporary Approaches to Information Systems
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
Contemporary Approaches to Information Systems

20. Why Information Systems?
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
Why Information Systems?
Business firms invest heavily in information systems to achieve six strategic business objectives:
Operational excellence
New products, services, and business models
Customer and supplier intimacy
Improved decision making
Without accurate information:
Managers must use forecasts, best guesses, luck
Competitive advantage
Survival

21. Types of Information Systems
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
Types of Information Systems
ESS: Executive Support Systems
DSS: Decision Support Systems
MIS: Management Information Systems
KWS: Knowledge Work Systems
GIS: Geographical Information Systems
GSS: Group Support Systems
TPS: Transaction Processing Systems
OAS: Office Automation Systems
EDP: Electronic Database Processing
More Advanced?????
ES: Expert Systems
AI: Artificial Intelligence
ANN: Artificial Neural Networks
Robotic

22. Types of Information Systems
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
Types of Information Systems

23. Information Systems Roles
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
Information Systems Roles
Business analyst
System analyst
Infrastructure analyst
Change management analyst
Project manager
Important aspects in IS development

24. Infrastructures needed for IS implementation
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
Infrastructures needed for IS implementation
Organizational structures
Management willing and support, Cooperative staff, Distributed and decentralized organization ,Proper data management, Staff learning courses
Information technology
Knowledge discovery and acquisition, Data mining, Data warehousing
Human resources
Expert teams; System analysts, IT engineers, Data mining experts, Market analysts, …

25. Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
Finished
Thanks