1. The CIRCULATORY System
Unit 3
Transportation Systems

2. The Circulatory System

3. Functions of the Circulatory System
Transports nutrients and waste.
Arteries pick up nutrients and deliver the nutrients to each body cell.
Veins carry away waste products and excess fluid of each body cell.

4. Functions of the Circulatory System
Transports heat.
Regulates heat by distributing heat generated by muscles.
Transports oxygen to body cells and carbon dioxide away from body cells.
Arteries carry oxygen to cells.
Veins take carbon dioxide away from cells.

5. Functions of the Circulatory System
Transports hormones through the blood stream.
Transports antibodies.
Through the blood stream to help the body fight infection.

6. Structures of the Circulatory System

7. Heart Hollow organ Pumps blood throughout the body Four chambers
Major blood vessels
Four valves

8. The 4 Chambers of the Heart
Right Atrium
Left Atrium
Receives unoxygenated
blood from the veins.
Receives oxygenated blood
from the lungs and pumps
it into the left ventricle.
Right Ventricle
Left Ventricle
Receives blood from the
right atrium and pumps to
the lungs.
Pumps blood into the
aorta, which will transport
blood through the body.

9. Major Blood Vessels in the Heart
Superior Vena Cava
Inferior Vena Cava
Pulmonary Arteries
Pulmonary Veins
Aorta

10. Valves in the Heart Tricuspid Valve Pulmonary Valve
Mitral (Bicuspid) Valve
Aortic Valve

11. Blood flow through the Heart
Superior & Inferior Vena Cava
Right Atrium
Tricuspid Valve
Right Ventricle
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
Pulmonary Arteries
Lungs
Pulmonary Veins
Left Atrium
Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve
Left Ventricle
Aortic Semilunar Valve
Aorta

12. Blood Vessels Closed system for flow of blood Three types of vessels:
Arteries, Capillaries, and Veins C a p i l r y b e d V n A t o s u v

13. Blood Provides vital transportation for the body Four components
Red blood cells (erythrocytes)
White blood cells (leukocytes)
Platelets (thrombocytes)
Plasma

14. Diseases and Disorders
Anemia
Heart Attack
High Blood Pressure
Atherosclerosis

15. Anemia
Blood disorder where capacity of the blood to transport oxygen is decreased.
Usually red blood cell count is diminished.
Causes:
Internal bleeding, vitamin deficiencies, decreased RBC production, increase in RBC destruction by spleen
Symptoms:
Fatigue, chest pain, skin pallor, increased heart rate, difficulty breathing

16. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction)
Coronary artery or a branch of the coronary artery is blocked.
Symptoms:
Chest pain
Crushing pressure behind the breastbone and chest pain radiating to the neck, jaw, abdomen, shoulder or left arm.
Nausea
Vomiting
Difficulty breathing
Anxiety or fear

17. What is a Heart Attack?

18. High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)
Blood pressure is chronically elevated.
Can contribute to coronary artery disease, strokes, kidney failure, and sudden rupture of the aorta.
Sustained systolic blood pressure of over 140 or a sustained diastolic blood pressure of over 90 is considered hypertension.
Usually there are no symptoms other than a mild headache.

19. Atherosclerosis
Build-up of fatty deposits on the inner walls of arteries.
Restricts the flow of blood.
Fats and other particles combine to form plaque.
Calcium can be deposited by plaque and cause the area to harden.