1. Chapter 13.1 – 13.2: Origins of the Renaissance
EQ: What changes in learning, philosophy, art, and architecture occurred because of the rise of the Renaissance?

2. End of Feudalism Feudal system dies out due to: Plague
(Black Death) killed 1/3 of work force, caused worker shortage and movement of populations as people attempted to avoid plague
Kings gain power
As feudalism dies out Kings gain power while nobles lose power, England and France become powerful countries in Europe
The Crusades
Created contacts with East, desire to trade goods with them
Towns grow
Stability increases throughout Europe, making trade safer

3. New Ways of Thinking
Those who survived years of plague and war want to celebrate/enjoy life
Growth of trade introduced new goods and encouraged people to think in new ways, such as new philosophy of Humanism
People eager for knowledge – began relearning classical ideas of Greece and Rome, combining classical ideas with new thought

4. Humanism Study of classical ideas led to Humanism
Idea of Humanism focuses on human beings and their potential for achievement
Stressed importance of individual above everything else

5. Humanist Thought
Humanistic view differed from medieval thinking - Humanism valued persons potential more than king or church they belonged to
Stressed importance of leading Christian life, but challenged people to think for themselves too
Think about Church teachings, not blindly accept Church orders

6. FYI: More About Humanism
Classical Greek-Roman ideas of life and human worth
God created us in his image, therefore all men must be worthy
Man should develop his talents, strive toward self improvement
Commitment to public service, help less fortunate
Church is still very important, but it is no longer “all-important” center of everyday life – life is to be lived with God in mind
Encouraged and strengthened desire in people to experiment, explore, and create

7. FYI: More About Humanism
Effects of Humanism:
Greater appreciation for beautiful works of art and fine craftsmanship
Patrons of cities encouraged arts and sciences
Creation of schools focused on humanities: History, philosophy, Latin, Greek, art, etc
Artists studied human form and tried to make people look more like real people in artwork

8. The Renaissance
Growth of cities, trade, learning, and focus on human achievement lead to the Renaissance
Renaissance = Rebirth
Refers to time period of rebirth of classical art and learning, and new styles/ways of creating and thinking
Renaissance began in Italy and spread throughout Europe

9. Growth of Renaissance
Changes in methods of communication (traveling/trade becoming safer) during Renaissance lead to easier exchange and spread of ideas across Europe
Began in Italy due to numerous trade routes and market towns in area
Ruling class actively supported artists/writers in Florence and other Italian cities

10. Advances in Art Human figures in paintings shown as more realistic
Achieved three-dimensional effect in painting through use of perspective
New technology in producing paint allowed for new colors

11. Holbein’s, The Ambassadors, 1533

12. Multiple Perspectives

13. Engineering Breakthroughs in building techniques
Huge domes built on cathedrals/churches now possible

14. Filippo Brunelleschi Commissioned to build the cathedral dome.
Used unique architectural concepts.
He studied the ancient Pantheon in Rome.
Used ribs for support.

15. Filippo Brunelleschi 1377 - 1436
Architect
Cuppolo of St. Maria del Fiore

16. Comparing Domes

17. Other Famous Domes
Il Duomo St. Peter’s St. Paul’s US capital (Florence) (Rome) (London) (Washington)

18. Summary
Answer the EQ by writing a 8-10 sentence summary using DETAILS to help PROVE your answer!
Remember the EQ was:
EQ: What changes in learning, philosophy, art, and architecture occurred because of the rise of the Renaissance?