1. Title: Anat & Phys 12/8/06 Objectives: Class Topics
11/18/2018
Title: Anat & Phys 12/8/06
Objectives:
To assess learning about the physiology of muscles.
Class Topics
Muscle Physiology Test
Biomechanics
“It is amazing what you can accomplish if you do not care who gets the credit.”
Harry S. Truman
Sunday, November 18, :23 AM

2. Finals Schedule 12/15/06 - 12/21/06 # Revised lunch schedule
11/18/2018
Finals Schedule 12/15/ /21/06
# Revised lunch schedule
Friday the bus leaves at 10:40
Buses run at regular times – Mon, Tues, and Wed
Thursday the bus leaves at 11:00

3. Class Assignments Muscle physiology test 12/8/06 Due this class period
11/18/2018
Class Assignments
What
By When
Muscle physiology test 12/8/06
Due this class period
Due next class period
Due in the future

4. Posttest Activities Read the handout
11/18/2018
Posttest Activities
Read the handout
Please don’t write on them, I need them back

5. Biomechanics Skeletal system and muscular system working together
11/18/2018
Biomechanics
Skeletal system and muscular system working together
Levers
3 types of levers
1st class
2nd class
3rd class

6. Levers Fi Fo Pivot Force in Force out Fi Fi Fo Fo 2nd class 1st class
11/18/2018 Fi Fo
Pivot
Force in
Force out
Levers Fi Fi Fo Fo
2nd class
1st class Fo Fi
3rd class

7. Increases speed and overcomes resistance
11/18/2018
1st class lever Triceps Brachii, also found in muscles of neck and head Fi Fo
Increases speed and overcomes resistance

8. 2nd Class Lever Gastrocnemius
11/18/2018
2nd Class Lever Gastrocnemius Fi Fo
Used to overcome resistance, move large weights

9. Used to obtain rapid movement
11/18/2018
3rd Class Lever Masseter and temporalis with the mandible, also the biceps brachii F1 Fo
Used to obtain rapid movement

10. 11/18/2018
Mechanical Advantage
Force out can be many times larger than force in by using the correct lever system
Fo = Fi (li/lo)
li is the distance from Fi to the pivot (fulcrum), and lo is the distance from Fo to the pivot
Fi = 160 dynes
1 mm
3 mm
Fo = ? Fo Fi

11. From: http://www.fiu.edu/~condon/biomech8.gif
11/18/2018
Velocity
Another advantage can come through velocity
Vo = Vi (lo/li)
From:

12. 11/18/2018
Find the force and velocity for the following triceps muscles - the force in is always 2000 dynes
Human
lo = 43 cm
li = 3.5 cm
Mole
lo = 2.4 cm
li cm

13. Low gear/high gear muscles
11/18/2018
Low gear - power (overcome inertia)
High gear - velocity (maintain or increase momentum)
Muscles with the same action, but different, but one is for speed the other is power
Ex. Semimembranosus li = 10.2, lo = 34
Ex. Gluteus medius li = 3.4, lo = 34
High gear muscles are shorter (less time to contract)

14. 11/18/2018
One last problem
Measure foot from posterior edge of toes to your heel - this is li.
Measure your foot from the same spot to your ankle (malleoli) = lo.
Your weight is Fo, find your Fi.