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How Theory Develop and Grow

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Presentation on theme: "How Theory Develop and Grow"— Presentation transcript:

1 How Theory Develop and Grow
Development of Theory/Pembangunan Teori Investigating facts considered significant/Menyeldik fakta dianggap penting 2. Testing the theory predictive power/Menguji kuasa ramalan teori 3. Further developing the theory /Membangunkan teori seterusnya

2 Theory may grow in 3 different ways/Teori boleh berkembang dengan 3 cara
1. Extension/Pengembangan Knowledge is added piece by piece, new concepts added to old concepts (Pengetahuan berkembang dengan menambah satu persatu konsep baru ke keonsep lama) 2. Intension/Penghalusan A more precise understanding of individual concept are made (Pendalaman kefahaman terhadap sesuatu konsep) Revolution/Revolusi Indicates the discovery of an extraordinary case that is counter to the assumptions of theories in use (Penemuan ide atau konsep yang bertentangan dengan teori sedia ada)

3 Elements of Theory Concepts – Abstraction referring to a class of thing, a term, a term used at the theoretical level (Konsep-Sesuatu yang abstrak merujuk kepada sesuatu perkara yang digunakan diperingkat teoretikal) Variable- Abstraction referring to a class of thing, a term, a term used at the level of measurement (Variabel- Konsep-Sesuatu yang abstrak merujuk kepada sesuatu perkara yang digunakan diperengkat pengukuran)

4 Dependent Variable (Angkubah Bergantung)
The variable that is assumed to depend on or be caused by another (called the indpendent variable (Angkubah yang disebabkan oleh angkubah yang lain iaitu angkubah bebas) Independent Variable (Angkubah Bebas) An independent variable is presumed to cause or determine the Dependent variable (Angkubah bebas adalah penyebab atau yang menentukan angkubah bergantung)


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