1. Map Exercise
Use the maps on pages 822 and 828 you need to do the following
In GREEN, color in the extent of all Axis power countries
In BLUE, color the Allied Nations
In RED, color and label (years) of German advances in Europe and Allied advances in Asia
On Europe Map:
Label: Germany, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Soviet Union, Austria, France, Great Britain, Italy, Norway
Label: English Chanel, North Sea, Atlantic Ocean
On Asia Map:
Label: Philippines, Japan, Manchuria, Hawaii, Australia, Soviet Union
Label: Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean

2. Hitler’s Lightning War

3. Invasion of Poland Germany invaded Poland on September 1st, 1939
Warsaw crumbled under the attack
France and GB declared war two days later but it did not help
New Germany military strategy called blitzkrieg, or “lightning war.”
Involved using fast-moving airplanes and tanks, followed by massive infantry forces, to take the enemy by surprise

4. Soviets make their move
September 17th, Stalin took eastern half of Poland as promised by Hitler
Took over other areas of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia with no resistance
Finland became a thorn in the Soviets side
Over time, the Soviets won just because of sheer numbers
The phony war
Allied troops made fortifications on Maginot Line and German forces made fortifications on the Siegfried Line
Became known, jokingly, as the sitzkrieg, or “sitting war”
April 9, 1940  phony war ended when Hitler invaded Denmark and Norway to attack GB

5. France Fights and Falls
Belgium is going to surrender
Evacuation of Dunkirk
Use of over 850 ships to sail b/w England and France to rescue over 338,000 soldiers
Mussolini joins up with Hitler and attacks from the south
France is going to have to surrender
June 22, 1940  France surrenders
General Charles de Gaulle flees to London to set up a government-in-exile to reconquer France.

7. Great Britain Stands All Alone

8. Great Britain is attacked by Germany
w/o France, GB stood alone against Nazis
New Prime Minister Winston Churchill said he would never surrender
Operation Sea Lion  Germany to take out GB’s RAF (Royal Air Force)
Easily outnumbered RAF and led to bombing of GB cities, such as London
GB had two weapons: radar and enigma
Radar could see how many, speed of enemy warplanes
Enigma allowed for them to receive secret messages
Even through the night raids, GB fought hard and Hitler called off the attacks

9. London in WWII

10. The London “Tube”: Air Raid Shelters during the Blitz

11. War in the Balkans
German commander Erwin Rommel helped Mussolini take over GB in North Africa
Hitler has been planning of attacking his Soviet ally for over a year
Needed the Balkans to set up shop and did not want British interference
Bulgaria, Romania, and Hungary joined the axis
Yugoslavia and Greece fought but lost
Now Hitler turns around and attacks his ally

12. Hitler Invades the Soviet Union
Operation Barbarossa
Rolled on week after week until Germans were 500 miles into the Soviet Union
Took over Leningrad
Hitler would starve them to death but when they would cave, he turned his eyes on Moscow
As Germans made it farther in Soviet Union, the Soviets would burn and destroy everything, sound familiar?
General Zhukov had the Siberian winter and new Siberian divisions on his side and fought the Germans
Germans still had summer uniforms and their weapons began to freeze, wanted to retreat
Hitler said “NO RETREAT!!” and the Germans lost 500,000 lives and Moscow was saved

13. U.S. joins the war (kind of…)
President FDR gets Congress to pass the Lend-Lease Act of 1941
The U.S. could lend or lease arms and other supplies to any country vital to U.S.
Now Hitler, in response, ordered his subs to sink any cargo ships they met
U.S. & Germany in undeclared naval war
Because Hitler kept sinking American ships
FDR and Churchill met secretly to sign the Atlantic Charter
People can choose their own government

14. U. S. Lend-Lease Act, 1941
Great Britain $31 billion Soviet Union $11 billion France $3 billion China $1.5 billion Other European $500 million South America $400 million The amount totaled: $48,601,365,000

15. Lend-Lease Act

16. Japan Seeks Pacific Empire
America caught onto Japan’s plan of overtaking regions in SE Asia  could try to take Philippines and Guam
FDR cut off all ties and oil with Japan
Japan wanted to catch US off guard with two attacks simultaneously
December 7, 1941  “A date which will live in infamy.”
Pearl Harbor attacked by Japanese
Over 2,400 killed and 1,000 wounded
18 ships sunk or damaged (incl. 8 battleships)  ½ of Pacific Fleet
US knew that an attack might come, just did not know where or when
The next day, US Congress declared war on Japan