1. The Loyalists

2. What was the Loyalist Migration?
the Loyalists were people who supported Britain during the American Revolution.
The Loyalists moved from the Thirteen Colonies to the British colonies of Quebec and Nova Scotia
The Loyalists were refugees

3. What is a Refugee?
Refugee - a person who seeks protection in another country to escape danger in their own country

4. What sort of danger were the loyalists facing?
History Happens Article:

5. Thoughts?
Can you think of other situations where there have been refugees?
Modern or past?

6. Past and Present Refugees

10. The Loyalist Migration
included:
3000 Black Loyalists
2000 Haudenosaunee
3000 German Mennonites
(neutral)

12. Impacts on the French Canadiens
Predictions?

13. Impacts on the French Canadiens
Quebec had more British settlers (10%)
Loyalists who moved there wanted British laws and customs in Quebec
Canadiens worried about their rights that were protected in the Quebec Act

14. Impact on First Nations
Predictions?

15. Impact on First Nations
Loyalists came from the Thirteen Colonies, where their primary job was farming
Britain began negotiating treaties with First Nations to take over their land in order to give to the Loyalists for settlement and farming.

16. Impact on First Nations
The Royal Proclamation said that the First Nations had to agree to give up their land, but this did not always happen
Language barriers made it easy to take advantage of the First Nations

17. Canada a People’s History: The Loyalists

18. Loyalists Want Change – Nova Scotia
Loyalists settled with other British settlers who had taken over Acadian land
They felt different and isolated compared to other settlers in Nova Scotia
Loyalists who colonized along the St. John River petitioned Britain for their own, separate colony, New Brunswick

19. Loyalists Wanted Change - Quebec
Loyalists in Quebec petitioned the British government for British laws and customs instead of French laws and customs
Quebec Act 1774 had secured French rights
The British government responded with The Constitutional Act of 1791

20. Britain's Response to the Loyalists
Constitutional Act
Divided Quebec into Upper Canada and Lower Canada
Established British law in Upper Canada
Reaffirmed the Quebec Act for Lower Canada

21. Britain's Response to the Loyalists
Constitutional Act
Set aside land for the Protestant churches and guaranteed Canadiens rights to the Catholic Church
Established a representative government

22. Representative Government
In a representative government, citizens elect representatives to an assembly and the assembly speaks for citizens. It “represents” them.