1. INTRODUCTION TO GUIDANCE & COUNSELING
HELPING RELATIONSHIP

2. HELPING RELATIONSHIP Motivation to help Interpersonal skills
Person-to-person; person-to- group
Confidentiality
Qualification – formal training

3. HELPING RELATIONSHIP: INTERPERSONAL SKILLS
ATTENDING BEHAVIORS
Eye contact, proper body language, verbal interaction
RESPONDING BEHAVIORS
Help client explores and clarifies problem
Empathy, clarification, reflection of meaning, listen and respond directly to feelings and to content expressed
INITIATING BEHAVIORS
Problem solving or action phase of counseling
Probing, self-disclosure, confrontation, and direct mutual communication

4. What a Counselor Should Know: External and Self-Knowledge
External Knowledge
Learned from books, lectures, audio-and videotapes, and listening to others
An understanding of the helping profession, human growth and development, counseling theory, group dynamics
Knowledge of Self
Self-concept – what we think about ourselves
Self esteem – how we feel about ourselves

5. Self-Knowledge
Know own cultural roots, biases, beliefs, and worldviews; nothing is impossible; Beliefs of reality are subject to question
Open to experience
Self-disclosure- sharing ideas, perceptions and feelings with significant others – helpful way to self-understanding and clarification of beliefs and values
Open to others and to know them
Discover ways in which we are similar as well as different from others
Open to new ideas – forgive oneself for having misconceptions about others
Keep a journal – record of growth

6. HELPING RELATIONSHIP: CHARACTERISTICS OF CLIENTS
Ivey & Simek-Downing (1980)
Clients usually come for counseling because they have some degree of decisional conflict and because they are blocked in their behaviors, thoughts and feelings. The client frequently has unfinished business and needs to broaden his perspective, break old behavior patterns, develops new behaviors, and choose fulfilling alternatives (p. 29)

7. HOW PEOPLE BECOME CLIENTS
SELF-INITIATED ACTION
RECOMMENDATION OF OTHERS
COERCION

8. HOW PEOPLE BECOME CLIENTS
SELF-INITIATED ACTION (Self-referred)
Acknowledge specific problem, to enhance relationship, improve oneself
Know of the existence of professional helping services and believe in their abilities
Have some basic ideas of the counseling process
Greater chance of success
Motivated by their pain

9. HOW PEOPLE BECOME CLIENTS
RECOMMENDATION OF OTHERS
Have problem but do not know where to go for help
Significant others in life may make suggestion or recommendations as where to seek help
Externally derived – not highly motivated
COERCION
Sent for counseling by legal or social coercion; eg. Drunk driver or drug addicts or acting out children; psychological help for employees
Involuntary referrals – most difficult cases – not there by choice - have little personal motivation to change

10. Therapeutic Alliance/ Working Relationship
Foundation – trust and respect
Working together to achieve mutually established goals
Ongoing personal relationship has to be nurtured
Strength of alliance between counselor and client is better predictor than of therapeutic success than the specific kind of therapy, qualities of therapist or the kind of client (Goleman, 1985)

11. Therapeutic Alliance/ Working Relationship
Rosenblatt (1975) …
I want to assist you, individuals, persons, to become whole, to integrate. … you lives. To do this, I need assistance from you, from the individual himself. You become my teacher and I become your student, to learn who you are, how you live your life. We become partners in an open-ended, free wheeling venture to get to know each other, to assist each other. (p.3)