1. Semester project
Write a phonological and phonetic description of your native language using at least three published sources

2. Semester project
Write a phonological and phonetic description of your native language using at least three published sources
Follow the format of the “Illustrations of the IPA.” For examples, go here

3. Semester project
Introduce your language following numbers 1-5 of Marlett section 2.4

4. Semester project
Introduce your language following numbers 1-5 of Marlett section 2.4
Make a consonant chart of the language using the “Illustrations of the IPA” format
Make a vowel chart of the language using the “Illustrations of the IPA” format

5. Semester project
Introduce your language following numbers 1-5 of Marlett section 2.4
Make a consonant chart of the language using the “Illustrations of the IPA” format
Make a vowel chart of the language using the “Illustrations of the IPA” format
Using the checklist in section 7.7 pf Marlett (p. 49) describe the syllable structure of the language

6. Semester project Record yourself reading the following text outloud
The North Wind and the Sun were disputing . . .

7. Semester project Record yourself reading the following text outloud
The North Wind and the Sun were disputing . . .
Transcribe your recording

8. Semester project Record yourself reading the following text outloud
The North Wind and the Sun were disputing . . .
Transcribe your recording
See syllabus for more details

9. Doing a phonological analysis
Words alone are OK
But words don’t appear alone in speech very often

10. Doing a phonological analysis
Words alone are OK
But words don’t appear alone in speech very often
Words alone are hard to pick out
Surrounding words help
Examples

11. Doing a phonological analysis
In phonetic studies words given in carrier phrase
I say ___ again

12. Doing a phonological analysis
In phonetic studies words given in carrier phrase
I say ___ again
This keeps stress and intonation equal

13. Doing a phonological analysis
Words are modified in a sentence
‘in’ becomes [ɪŋ] in ‘in case’

14. Doing a phonological analysis
Words are modified in a sentence
‘in’ becomes [ɪŋ] in ‘in case’
‘don’t becomes [do͂ʔ] in ‘don’t go’

15. Doing a phonological analysis
Words are modified in a sentence
‘in’ becomes [ɪŋ] in ‘in case’
‘don’t becomes [do͂ʔ] in ‘don’t go’
‘have’ becomes [hæf] in ‘have to’

16. Doing a phonological analysis
Words are modified in a sentence
‘in’ becomes [ɪŋ] in ‘in case’
‘don’t becomes [do͂ʔ] in ‘don’t go’
‘have’ becomes [hæf] in ‘have to’
These aren’t thrown out because they are not careful. They are part of the phonology of the language

17. Doing a phonological analysis
How would you transcribe ‘the’?

18. Doing a phonological analysis
How would you transcribe ‘the’?
[ðə]

19. Doing a phonological analysis
How would you transcribe ‘the’?
[ðə]
How would you transcribe ‘the man’?
[ðə mæn]

20. Doing a phonological analysis
How would you transcribe ‘the’?
[ðə]
How would you transcribe ‘the man’?
[ðə mæn]
How would you transcribe ‘the issue’?
[ði ɪʃu]

21. Doing a phonological analysis
Morphology can change pronunciation
Obese + -ity
Sane + -ity

22. Doing a phonological analysis
Morphology can change pronunciation
Obese + -ity
Sane + -ity
Édit + -or > éditor
Éditor + ial > editórial

23. Doing a phonological analysis
Morphology can change pronunciation
Obese + -ity
Sane + -ity
Édit + -or > éditor
Éditor + ial > editórial
Diffuse + -ion > diffusion ([z] > [ʒ])

24. Doing a phonological analysis
Morphology can change pronunciation
Obese + -ity
Sane + -ity
Édit + -or > éditor
Éditor + ial > editórial
Diffuse + -ion > diffusion ([z] > [ʒ])
Propel + -sion > propulsion

25. Doing a phonological analysis
Linguists look for monomorphemic words to understand stress
Lollapalooza
Appalachia
Not
Reinvent
industrialization

26. Doing a phonological analysis
Linguists avoid borrowed words
They may be different from native words
Cul de sac, debut, valet, genre, timbre

27. Doing a phonological analysis
Linguists avoid borrowed words
They may be different from native words
Cul de sac, debut, valet, genre, timbre
Pterodactyl, schizophrenia, pizza

28. Doing a phonological analysis
Linguists avoid borrowed words
They may be different from native words
Cul de sac, debut, valet, genre, timbre
Pterodactyl, schizophrenia, pizza
Loan morphology is a problem too
Plurals: theses, syllabi, corpora

29. Doing a phonological analysis
Do English words end in [-st]?

30. Doing a phonological analysis
Do English words end in [-st]?
Coast, beast

31. Doing a phonological analysis
Do English words end in [-st]?
Coast, beast
Do English words end in [-ʃt]?

32. Doing a phonological analysis
Do English words end in [-st]?
Coast, beast
Do English words end in [-ʃt]?
Only across morphemes
Wished, pushed

33. Doing a phonological analysis
So, surrounding words and morphology modify word pronunciation

34. Doing a phonological analysis
Onomatopoeia. Not representative of language
Beep, ching, boing, bang, crash, chirp, knock

35. Doing a phonological analysis
Onomatopoeia. Not representative of language
Beep, ching, boing, bang, crash, chirp, knock
Minor words less relevant
Prepositions, conjunctions
Major word classes more important
Verbs, nouns

36. Doing a phonological analysis
Minimal word constraint
Language requires words to have certain elements

37. Doing a phonological analysis
What is the constraint on monosyllabic words in this language?

38. Doing a phonological analysis
What is the constraint on monosyllabic words in this language?
CV, CVC, V possible?

39. Doing a phonological analysis
What is the constraint on monosyllabic words in this language?
CV, CVC, V possible?
Must have C in onset

40. Doing a phonological analysis
Can English words end in [o, u, eɪ]?

41. Doing a phonological analysis
Can English words end in [o, u, eɪ]?
Go, sue, play

42. Doing a phonological analysis
Can English words end in [o, u, eɪ]?
Go, sue, play
Can English words end in [ɪ, æ, ɛ]?

43. Doing a phonological analysis
Can English words end in [o, u, eɪ]?
Go, sue, play
Can English words end in [ɪ, æ, ɛ]? No
Odd words: meh, yeah

44. Transcriptions Orthographic Regular spelling
The unit is the grapheme (letter)
It is written between “ “

45. Transcriptions Orthographic Regular spelling
The unit is the grapheme (letter)
It is written between “ “
“Peter played”

46. Transcriptions Broad transcription
Also called phonemic or phonological

47. Transcriptions Broad transcription
Also called phonemic or phonological
Shows phonemes, but not phonetic detail
Is written between / /
/pitɝ pleɪd/

48. Transcriptions Narrow transcription Also called phonetic
Shows phonetic detail
Is written between [ ]
[phitɝ pl̥eɪd̥]

49. Transcriptions Broad transcriptions are abstract
They represent concept of sound, not actual sounds

50. Transcriptions Broad transcriptions are abstract
They represent concept of sound, not actual sounds
They don’t include phonetic detail

51. Transcriptions Narrow transcriptions are abstract too
They don’t give exact detail

52. Transcriptions Narrow transcriptions are abstract too
They don’t give exact detail
They don’t give speaker specific detail, speech rate, volume, dialect

53. Transcriptions Narrow transcriptions are abstract too
They don’t give exact detail
They don’t give speaker specific detail, speech rate, volume, dialect
They allow you to pronounce word yourself

54. Phonetic alphabets
IPA is most standard

55. Phonetic alphabets IPA is most standard
American Structuralist alphabet

56. Phonetic alphabets IPA is most standard
American Structuralist alphabet
IPA
Am. Structuralist j y ʃ š ʤ ǯ ɾ D