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L23B: Sociolinguistics 2005-2006
Please Turn off all cellular phones & pagers L23B Website: 11/18/2018
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Course Assessment Incourse Test (40% of total grade)
TEST DATE: MONDAY, APRIL 3, 2006 (2-4pm) Final Exam (60% of total grade) 11/18/2018
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Topics for this Session
Brief Review Data Collection & Analysis cont’d Variation Studies 11/18/2018
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Variation Studies - Micro
Process – identify: linguistic variables social variables relationship between (1) & (2) data collection method sample to be used 11/18/2018
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Types of collection method:
Self–reported method: Questionnaires or Interviews (structured or open-ended) Audio/Visual recording Overt or covert Observation 11/18/2018
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Questionnaire Structured:
Which language do you use at work? Creole_ English_ Other_ (ii) Which language do you use at home? Creole_ English_ Other 11/18/2018
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Questionnaire Open-ended
Which language or languages do you use at home and why? Possible response – “I use Creole sometimes, to speak to my grandma, but English to speak to my parents. They do not like to hear me speak Creole, since I am now at ‘university’. It creates a problems for me to speak sometimes when I am at family functions…” 11/18/2018
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Levels of Formality: casual speech careful speech reading
wordlist of specific variables minimal pairs 11/18/2018
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Formality Word list: ‘ng’ variable Sing Singing Eating Contemplating
Minimal Pairs Ring vs. sing Sin vs. sing Run vs. rung 11/18/2018
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SAMPLING Types of sample: (taken from Wolfram & Fasold- Prescribed Text, ch.9, pg.89-90) Random – “each person in the total population has an equal chance of being selected from the sample”. Representative sample – used by Labov “the social composition is pre-determined and then informants are chosen to represent these categories” 11/18/2018
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Trudgill (Norwich) Main Conclusions drawn:
Men and women had different notions of ‘prestige language’ Hence distinction between: Overt & Covert Prestige. 11/18/2018
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THEORIES developed to account for variation
Social Networks Accommodation Theory Acts of Identity Ideology & language use 11/18/2018
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Readings – Next Class Readings on Social Network, Acts of Identity, Language Ideology, Accommodation Theory, etc. 11/18/2018
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