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64 BIT COMPUTING By: Kapil Kaushik VIII Sesmester(IT)
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What is 64-bit computing ? Enhancing the processing word in the architecture to 64 bits. Doubling the data processed in a clock cycle doesn’t means the processor is now twice as fast. Data processing speed does not change yet the data processed in a clock cycle increases two times. The addressable memory increases from 4 GB to 264 which equals to 18 billion GB.
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History of 64 Bit Computing
The first proper 64-bit system was IBM's 7030 Stretch computer, in 1961. By early 1970’ 64-bit computing was being used in high-end server setups, processing setups, and super-computers. In 1994 Intel announced its first plans to move to 64-bit on its servers by joint venture with HP. 64-bit hit the desktop market with AMD's launch of the Opterons and Athlon 64 chips in 2003.Though these chips were not ‘Pure’ 64 bit.
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32-bit vs. 64-bit Processors
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Benefits of 64-bit Computing
Allowing applications to store vast amount of data in main memory. Manipulating data and executing instructions in chunks that are twice as large as in 32-bit computing. Allowing complex calculations with a high-level precision. Can address large amount of memory and thus use flat memory model.
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Practical Uses of 64-bit computing
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Is 64-bit Computing necessary ?
Since systems with memory greater than 4 GB are becoming common so there’s a greater push towards 64 bit computing
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Requirements for 64-bit computing
To run a 64 bit application we need : A 64-bit processor A 64 bit operating system 64 bit drivers
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64-bit processor architectures from Intel and AMD
Pure 64-bit architectures : IA 64 Other 64-bit architectures : AMD 64 EM64T/Intel 64
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What’s Pure and why ? Intel IA 64 is the pure 64 bit architecture and has a word length of 64 bits. It can only execute 64 bit applications. Architectures like AMD 64 and EM64T are extended version of the x-86 architecture and use 16 bit word lengths and are backward compatible with 32 bit and 16 bit applications
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64-bit Registers
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Disadvantages of 64-bit computing
The main disadvantage of pure 64-bit computing is that relative to 32-bit architectures, the same data occupies more space in memory (due to swollen pointers and possibly other types and alignment padding). This increases the memory requirements of a given process and can have implications for efficient processor cache utilization.
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Conclusion 64-bit computing is a necessary technology in the computer science areas which require larger memory and increased performance such as scientific computing, CAD,Large Databases etc. 64-bit will continue to be the technology of choice for various organisations for years to come.
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Some Helpful Links http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/64-bit
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Thank you .
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Queries ?
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