1. How Do Plants Grow
Biology 11

2. What Elements Do Plants Require?
Nitrogen: plants use nitrate. In DNA and protein molecules of a plant. Also allows chlorophyll development (green colour)
Phosphorous: Assists with the flower and root development. Part of DNA strand as well
Potassium: help plant to retain water. Also helps with pest resistance
Calcium: help in the development of cell wall. Also aids in the uptake of nitrate

3. What is Primary & Secondary Growth?
Primary Growth of a plant is growth in root depth and height of plant
Primary growth is the result of apical meristem division
Root apical meristem – in roots to grow down
Shoot apical meristem – at tips of branches to grow up
Meristem tissue produces AUXIN (plant hormone), which signals the apical meristem to go through repeated mitosis

4. What is Primary & Secondary Growth?
Secondary Growth of a plant is growth in width of the stem
Lateral meristem go through mitosis
Vascular cambium
Cork cambium

5. What is the structure of the root? Primary Growth
Region of primary growth
Root cap protects the apical meristem as it pushes through the soil
Root hairs help increase surface area for higher water absorption

6. What is the structure of the shoot? Primary Growth
Region of primary growth
Leaf primordium protects the meristem tissue
Allows the tree branches to grow up (length and height)

7. How can we see secondary growth?

8. Scientists use secondary growth to learn about climates of the past
Thick light ring tells scientists that it was a very wet spring
Thick dark ring tells scientist that it was a mild fall
Forest fire scars are visible in the growth