1. Cells and Cell Specialization

2. Cell Specialization
A cell’s structure is directly related to its function
size, shape, special structures, abundance of specific organelles,
Stem Cell = A cell that is not yet specialized (undifferentiated)
Stem cells can differentiate into any other specialized cell
Can divide to produce more stem cells.
They are found in multicellular organisms.

6. RED BLOOD CELLS
Function: Carry oxygen from lungs to cells of the body.
Adaptation: contain a red substance called hemoglobin, which picks up oxygen.
Mature red blood cells have no nucleus

7. White Blood Cells White blood cells defend the body against germs.
One type of WBC can engulf germs
Called Phagocytes
One type of WBC can produce substances called antibodies

10. Muscle Cells- Smooth Muscle
Smooth muscle cells can contract (shorten), this contraction cause things to move.
Found in internal organs like stomach , food canals

11. Muscle Cell- Skeletal Muscle
Skeletal muscle cells or striated or voluntary muscles
Can shorten to move bones. How your body
moves.
Long, cylinder, shaped fibres that have striped appearance.

12. Muscle Cell- Cardiac Muscle
Cardiac muscle cells are found in the heart.
The contraction and relaxation of cardiac muscles cells cause the heart to pump blood throughout the body
Stripe appearance and from short branching threads or fibres.

13. Nerve Cell
Carry messages called impulses (electrical) from one part of the body to another.
Adaptations: dendrites, axon, cell body

16. Bone Cells Bone cells make bone to support the body
Make bone marrow which makes red and white blood cells

17. Epithelial Cells
Cover and protect surfaces inside and outside the body.
The cheek cells inside the mouth and skin cells are examples of epithelial cells
Adaptation: Thin for absorption

18. Gamete (sex cell) : Sperm

19. Gamete (sex cell): Egg

20. Palisade Cells
Found in the leaves of plants contains lots of chloroplast for photosynthesis

21. Root Hair Cells Found on the roots of plants in little hairs.
Long and thin to absorb water from the soil

22. Questions Which Cell is responsible for: Absorbing water for plants?
Transporting oxygen in animals
Making food for plants
Transporting messages around the body
Allowing movement for the body
Protect the body from infection

23. Body Organization
CELLS--> TISSUES--> ORGANS--> SYSTEMS--> ORGANISM