1. The Maritime Revolution

2. Polynesians
Great sailing people – went to Hawaii, New Zealand and Easter Island
Migrated from Philippines and Indonesia
Amazing navigators (stars; ocean currents; birds)
Not explorers or conquerors; looked for resources and places to settle

5. Inventions Caravel Lateen sail Astrolabe Cannons
Printing – Johann Gutenberg (from Chinese)

6. The Situation What product from the Indies is most valuable in Europe?
How do they usually get it?
Problem (for the Europeans): Muslims control access to Mediterranean trade routes
Europeans begin seeking new routes to the Indies

8. European Expansion
European govts. Encourage expansion- compare to Ming
Three “G’s”: God, gold, and glory…and rivalry
Marco Polo’s adventures, the Crusades, and a desire for spices also helped spur voyages of exploration
sought to break already established monopolies
Build on previous technology

9. Portugal First European country to start exploring
Prince Henry the Navigator
Vasco Da Gama
Uses force in the Indian Ocean (reason?)
Takes Goa (India), Hormuz, Swahili states
Africa- want to stem rise of Ottoman empire
Congo – slave trade (1500s)
Brazil- sets up sugar plantation
Cannot sustain, power fades by 17th century

10. Spain Columbus - 1492- (It’s a big world after all)
Importance- creates a permanent link between the Eastern and Western hemispheres
Magellan – around the world in three years
Spain

12. Magellan’s Voyage

13. Hernan Cortez
Francisco Pizarro
The Conquistadors