1. CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS

2. Cell Types Eukaryotic: has a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Prokaryotic: has no nucleus
Important: Both types have DNA

3. Common factors in all cells!
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
DNA (the genetic code)

4. Organelle “little organs”
A subunit in a cell that has a special function

5. Cell Structure and Function
Plasma membrane (cell membrane)
Surrounds and protects cells
Selectively permeable
Maintains cellular homeostasis

6. Structure of the Plasma Membrane
Phospholipid Bilayer
Hydrophobic tails
Hydrophilic heads
Embedded and surface proteins
Transport
Cell cell identification
Cholesterol
Prevents fatty acid chains from sticking together

7. Plasma membrane Phospholipid bilayer
Outermost layer and inner most layer are water-soluble
Middle layer is water-insoluble

8. Structure of the Plasma Membrane
Embedded and surface proteins
Transport
Cell to cell identification
Cholesterol
Prevents fatty acid chains from sticking together

9. Structure of the plasma membrane
Cholesterol
Prevents the layers from sticking together
Helps the cell membrane hold its form
Cholesterol

10. Cytoplasm
Clear gelatinous fluid in which organelles and other cell parts are held

11. Animals vs. Plants
Both are eukaryotic
plant cell animal cell

12. How do plant and animal cells differ?
Plant cells have a cell wall and contain chloroplasts- animal cells lack these structures
Cell Wall
Chloroplasts

13. Cell Wall Found in plant cells, fungi, and most bacteria
Made of cellulose

14. Cell wall Function Provides added protection and structure
Is porous and allows any molecule that is not too big to pass (is not selectively permeable)

15. Plants maintain their basic structure because of the cell wall.
Turgid
Placid