1. Mood and Residue continued…….

2. Modal Adjuncts He was lying on his back
Subject Finite Predicator Adjunct
Mood Block Residue

3. He was always lying on his back
Sometimes, there are ‘extra items’ between the subject and the finite. E.g:
He was always lying on his back
How do you categorise ‘always’

4. The ‘extras’ are called Modal Adjuncts.
These are commonly:
Conjunctive adjuncts
Comment adjuncts
Mood adjuncts

5. Conjunctive adjuncts (sometimes called ‘discourse markers’) signal how a clause fits in with preceding text.
For example:

6. Conjunctive Adjunct
The punctuation, on the other hand, is reproduced faithfully
Subject (adjunct) finite predicator adjunct
Mo- -od Block Residue

7. Comment adjuncts typically comment on the clause as a whole.
For example:

8. Comment adjunct Unfortunately, this tendency has declined since 1970
Adjunct subject finite predicator Adjunct
M o o d b l o c k Residue

9. This tendency has, unfortunately, declined since 1970
subject finite adjunct predicator adjunct
M o o d b l o c k Residue

10. Mood adjuncts are related to the finite: express meanings associated with tense, polarity and modality.
For example:

11. The beams are obviously going to have to be replaced
Subject F adjunct P
Mood block Residue
I would hardly say that
S F adjunct P Complement
Mood block Residue

12. Adapted from:
Geoff Thompson 2004 Introducing Functional Grammar London: Hodder
See also:
L.Droga & S Humphries 2002 Getting Started with Functional Grammar NSW: Target Texts