1. Theory of Evolution (The SHORT version)
Natural Selection

2. NATURAL VARIATION in all populations due to MUTATIONS

3. OVERPRODUCTION of OFFSPRING
More offspring are produced than can survive.

4. STRUGGLE FOR EXISTANCE = COMPETITION

5. ADAPTATION = Any inherited characteristic that increases organism’s chance of survival
CAN BE PHYSICAL
CAN BE BEHAVIORAL

6. NATURAL SELECTION = “Survival of the Fittest”
WINNERS
“Losers“
“Losers“
“Losers“
Some organisms have a better chance of survival due to their variations than others. Those will survive and reproduce. Some will die.
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7. INDIVIDUALS DON’T CHANGE. POPULATION CHANGES.
Over time the number of organisms with a beneficial mutation increases in the population.
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8. DESCENT WITH MODIFICATION
each species has descended with changes from other species over time
All living species are related to each other and all species, living and extinct, share a COMMON ANCESTOR

9. FITNESS = Ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in its environment

10. NOT ONE BEST WAY TO BE
A trait that is favorable in one environment may be useless or harmful in another.

11. EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION:
________________
3. _______________
4. _______________
5. _______________
6. _______________
7. _______________
Artificial selection
Fossil record
Geographic Distribution
Homologous structures
Embryology
DNA
See Natural selection happen

12. ARTIFICAL SELECTION WORKS
If humans can select for traits they want and change populations, why wouldn’t it work if NATURE SELECTS ?
BIOLOGY by Campbell and Reece Prentice Hall Publishing©2005

13. FOSSILS SHOW CHANGE OVER TIME
FOSSILS SHOW CHANGE OVER TIME
TRANSITIONAL FOSSILS

14. show relatedness between organisms
HOMOLOGOUS VESTIGIAL STRUCTURES ORGANS
show relatedness between organisms
BIOLOGY by Campbell and Reece Prentice Hall Publishing©2005

15. Similarities in embryo development show relatedness between organisms.
EMBRYOLOGY
Similarities in embryo development show relatedness between organisms.
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16. Similarities in protein sequences & DNA show relatedness
Image from: Modern Biology by Holt, Rinehart, and Winston

17. EVOLUTION DIDN’T JUST HAPPEN MILLIONS OF YEARS AGO
WE CAN STILL SEE EVOLUTION HAPPENING TODAY

18. Slide by Kim Foglia@www.biologyzone.com

19. MISCONCEPTION: Evolution DOES NOT INVOLVE “needing something” OR ‘trying’ to adapt.”
Nature selects for traits some individuals in population ALREADY HAVE

20. Either an individual has genes that are good enough to survive and reproduce, or it does not—but it can’t get the right genes by “trying.”
Nature is selecting for individuals that ALREADY HAVE THE GENE/TRAIT.

21. Misconceptions about Evolution
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Misconceptions about Evolution
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22. EVOLUTION DOESN’T EXPLAIN WHERE LIFE CAME FROM TO BEGIN WITH

23. Evolution is NOT like a climb up a ladder of progress toward some “BEST ORGANISM”
Organisms just need to be “good enough” to fit the place they live

24. An organism CAN’T change into another organism” EX: Chimpanzees DIDN’T “turn into” humans Dinosaurs DIDN’T “turn into” birds.

25. Somewhere back in time, chimps and humans SHARED A COMMON ANCESTOR.
Imagine you could “hold hands through time” You hold the hand of your parents, your parents hold the hands of their parents, and so on.
You share characteristics with the ancestors in your family (parents, grandparents, . . .) but you are not the same. Each generation has descended with changes from the previous generation. The farther back in time you go the more differences there are between you and that past ancestor.
Somewhere back in time, chimps and humans SHARED A COMMON ANCESTOR.
Sharing a common ancestor is NOT the same as turning into another organism.

26. MISCONCEPTION: “Evolution is ‘just’ a theory.”

27. Evolution and religion are opposing ideas
Newspapers and television sometimes make it seem as though evolution and religion are incompatible, but that is not true.
Many religious people accept the reality of evolution and many religious denominations
have issued statements that show
acceptance.

28. 2015 message from Pope
What do different religions believe about evolution