1. Proteins
Structure
Elements: Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (P), & sometimes Sulfur (S)
Monomer
Amino Acid –Amino Group (NH2), Carboxyl Group (COOH), and an R group bonded to a single carbon; 20 different amino acids

2. Proteins The order of amino acids is specific for each protein
makes a different protein than
Proteins differ in the number and order of amino acids
Amino acids are joined together by peptide bonds
Proteins are large, complex molecules that have a specific shape and the order of amino acids determines the protein’s shape (structure)
If the amino acid order is changed, the protein will have a different shape and will not function properly.

3. Proteins

4. Proteins
Function
Proteins are a critical component of every single cell in your body & have a wide range of functions
SOME functions: growth, support (connective tissues), movement (muscles), transport of molecules in & out of cells, transport of molecules around body, enzymes, fight infections, energy*, hormones
* Your body will not use proteins for energy unless you are not eating enough carbs & lipids for your energy requirements. Proteins are critically important and your body will not break them down for energy unless it has no other option.

5. Proteins
Examples

6. Proteins Enzymes A special type of protein Remember:
Enzymes work to lower the amount of energy needed for the reaction to happen, which is called “activation energy”
What do you think the effect of an enzyme is on a reaction’s rate?
Reactions happen faster when activation energy is lowered

7. Show What You Know: Proteins
What elements make up a protein?
2. What is the monomer for a protein?
Give 2 functions for lipids in your body.
4. What determines the structure of a protein?