1. The apartheid
BE SURE TO TAKE NOTES. THERE WILL BE A QUIZ AT THE END OF THIS POWER POINT!

2. Standards
SS7H1 the student will analyze continuity and change in Africa leading to the 21st century
Explain the creation and end of the apartheid in south Africa and the roles of Nelson Mandela and F.W.deClerk

3. South Africa overview Lots of natural resources Diamonds Mild climate
Colonized by the Dutch during the mid 1600s

4. 1948- the apartheid began
The apartheid was a time of segregation in South Africa. The white ethnicity ruled over others. There were new laws regarding ethnicity now too, from white only jobs to marriage laws. For the population registration there were three categories: whites, blacks, and colored. Colored was for Asians, Indians, ect.

5. How you were classified
The way one was classified was through three questions:
Appearance
Descent
Social acceptance
Both parents had to be black in order for the offspring to be black. The same went for being white. This classification system was created by The Department of Home Affairs.

6. Pass books
Pass Books were like passports for everyone who wasn’t white. It contained lots of information from your fingerprint to photos. Everyone who was not white was required to carry them at all times. Failure to do so would result in severe consequences.

7. homelands
Homelands were created by the government. They were areas of land set aside for the blacks and other ethnicities to live. They were most of the time in very poor conditions. The government assigned the people to their homeland based of where they were born. However, the government was often inaccurate on such information. That means that families would sometimes get separated. In order to leave your homeland, you had to present your Pass Book.

8. 1953- Public safety act and criminal law amendment act were passed.
Penalties were increased for protesting against the law. The punishments included imprisonment, fines, and whippings. In 1960 there was a protest led by blacks who refused carry their Pass Books. It was a peaceful protest meaning no harm was planned. However, the government panicked declared it a state of emergency. The emergency lasted 156 days or a little over 5 months. (5.12 to get specific). Unfortunately, in those 156 days, 187 people were wounded and 69 died.

9. Nelson Mandela
Nelson Mandela lived from He was born into a tribe but his family left it. He was the first in his family to go to school. In his 20s he became an activists to end the apartheid. In he joined a group of young blacks called the African National Congress Youth League. For the next 20 years of life, Nelson was a peaceful protester. He was in many protests and became well known. Sort of like the Martin Luther King Jr. of South Africa. Unfortunately, in the year 1956, Nelson was arrested along with 150 fellow protesters. He was found guilty of trying to over throw the government or treason. He was sentenced to life in jail. For every 6 months he could have one visitor. He spent 27 years in jail and finally got out with the help of F.W.de Klerk and other ANC members. In 1994, Nelson was elected president of South Africa. He was also the first black president of South Africa. Sadly in 2013, Nelson died at home. He was 95 years old at the time of his death.

10. F.W.de klerk
F.W.de Klerk was born in1936 and is still alive today. He is a former South African President who helped change black lives. Right after he was elected , he began to work on ending the apartheid. He is also responsible for letting Nelson Mandela out of prison. After the ANC was banned he removed that restriction and ANC went back to protesting. He also cancelled executions and “remove restrictions on political groups.” (Biography.com).

11. Quiz! this will go in the gradebook
True or false? South Africa has a lot of natural resources.
What year did the apartheid began?
Who was Nelson Mandela? A) a civil right activists B) president of Congo C) Tribe leader
Why do you think homelands were in poor conditions? Please explain using 2-3 sentences
Give an example of a punishment for not having your Pass Book.
True or false? F.W.de Klerk approved segregation.
Rate this lesson on a scale of 1-5, 1 being horrible and 5 being awesome.
When you are done with you’re your quiz check your work and bring it to me. I will then give you your next task.