1. QUALITY SYSTEMS Human Factors Inclusive Design
The design of mainstream products and/or services that are accessible to, and usable by, as many people as reasonably possible ... without the need for special adaptation or specialised design
MR BRANDY
D&T
Year 9 Product Design
Products that have a British Standards Institute (BSI) Kite Mark stamped on them, have been checked for safety and quality of manufacture, by the BSI. The Institute carries out strict tests, that have been designed to ensure that the product is safe and has been manufactured to a high standard. The BSI Kite Mark is respected throughout the world. If a product being tested meet British Standards, the manufacturer is issued with a licence, allowing the use of the Kite Mark.
QUALITY SYSTEMS
TOLERANCE
Checking that a product is manufactured within an upper and lower limit. Example: Thousands of steel bolts are manufactured by a company. Samples are check that they are the correct size. Each bolt must fall within a maximum and minimum length.
QUALITY CONTROL Quality checks by the workers on the production line. Testing the product to see that it works properly. Visual checks and computer / sensor checks.
Sustainable
An increased demand for resources such as energy, food and fuel means that developing sustainable resources is critical to protect the environment for future generations.
The Environment and Sustainability
Product Life Cycle
Applies to products in the European Community Manufacturers must ensure that their products at least meet these minimum standards or risk having their products removed from the shelves of retailers throughout Europe.
QUALITY ASSURANCE
Administrative system (paper work).
Includes: staff training, surveying customers regarding the quality of the product. Monitoring workers checking the quality of manufacture on the production line..
Human Factors
Life cycle is the time from a product’s manufacture, to its recycling or disposal, at the end of its useful life.
Customers often expect products to be designed and manufactured, so that they do as little damage to the environment as possible, throughout their entire lifetime.
Products should:
Be manufactured, from sustainable / recyclable materials, produce as little pollution as possible, during manufacture and use. Use as little energy / fuel as possible
Anthropometrics
Anthropometrics is the study of the sizes of people in relation to products. For example, chairs used in schools need to be suitable for the average size of pupils
Carbon Footprint
A carbon footprint is the measure of the carbon dioxide produced by something or someone.
The Lion Mark is truly a consumer symbol. It means that consumers can be assured that a toy which bears the Lion Mark has been made by a member who believes in making good quality, safe toys
Planned Obsolescence
Planned obsolescence is when a product is designed and made with parts that are known to fail after a specific time. This means a new part or a new product will have to be bought to replace it.
Rethink - How can the product do the job better? Is the product energy efficient? Has the product been designed for disassembly?
Reuse - Which parts of the product could be used again? Has the product got another use without having to process it?
Recycle - Which parts of the product can be recycled? Is this information clear on the packaging?
Repair - Which parts might need to be replaced? Which parts might fail with use or over time? How easy would it be to replace parts?
Reduce - Are there any parts in your product that are not needed? How can the amount of material be reduced? How could you simplify your product?
Refuse - Is your product really needed? Have you thought about the people who might be making your product - are they treated fairly (pay, living and working conditions etc)?
Name: Chisel
Function: used for cutting or carving hard materials such as metal, stone or wood
Name: Flat File
Function: Used for general filing of hard materials such as metal and wood
Perceived Obsolescence
Planned obsolescence is when a product is designed and made with parts that are known to fail after a specific time. This means a new part or a new product will have to be bought to replace it.
Continuous Training – constant rate running or cycling need to work at between 60% - 80% of your Maximum Heart Rate (220-Age = MHR) this type of training develops muscular and cardiovascular endurance but also for burning up body fat and improving body composition – this would be good for training of a 10km or marathon
Interval training: Fixed exercise of high and low intensity exercise eg you might alternate with speed 1 min then a brisk walk for 2 mins then you will repeat for a set time this will improve cardiovascular endurance but you need to overload to improve your fitness
Fartlek – changes of speed it involves changes in intensity without stopping eg sprint for 10 seconds, then jog for 20 seconds repeated for 2 minutes followed by long-stride running for 2 minutes. Good for activities which need a change of pace like football and basketball
Circuit Training – 6 – 10 stations you do specific exercise for a set amount of time before moving onto the next station. You’re allowed a short rest before moving onto the next station. All exercises are different – makes it more interesting, and can changed to meet an individual’s demands it can improve muscular and cardiovascular endurance. for example 30 seconds exercise at each station 30 seconds rest then do the circuit twice or three times these are called sets
Weight Training – improves strength and muscular endurance eg bicep curls, dips, press-ups, sit-ups, squats, squats with a weight – need to think about the number of repetitions at each station or the time at each station for example 30 seconds exercise at each station 30 seconds rest then do the circuit twice or three times these are called sets
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2. Design Process Human Factors MR BRANDY D&T Year 7 Product Design T r a
Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM)
CAM (Computer aided manufacturing)) is the outcome of the Computer Aided Design process.
CAM Hardware
MR BRANDY
D&T
Design Process
Inclusive Design
The design of mainstream products and/or services that are accessible to, and usable by, as many people as reasonably possible ... without the need for special adaptation or specialised design
Sustainable
An increased demand for resources such as energy, food and fuel means that developing sustainable resources is critical to protect the environment for future generations.
Aesthetics
The physical appearance of a product. The material finish, colour, size and beauty.
Design
A plan or drawing produced to show the look and function or workings of a building, garment, or other object before it is made.
Purpose of a PAR-Q:
It shows how READY someone is to begin a physical exercise programme. This is done by questions which gather information about someone’s health, past illness/injuries, medical conditions (identify if they have heart conditions etc, would they need to get a medical note from the doctors) and their current level of physical activity.
Carbon Footprint
A carbon footprint is the measure of the carbon dioxide produced by something or someone.
Human Factors
Tool names
Coping Saw
Tenon Saw
Junior Hack saw
Hand file
Bench Hook
Metal Rule
Anthropometrics
Anthropometrics is the study of the sizes of people in relation to products. For example, chairs used in schools need to be suitable for the average size of pupils
Ergonomics
Ergonomics is the relationship between people and the products which they use. Anthropometric data is used to help design products to meet ergonomic needs
5th to 95th Percentile
Ergonomic designs must accommodate a range of user dimensions, typically from a 5th percentile woman to a 95th percentile man. This range will accommodate 9.5 out of 10 users.
Year 7 Product Design
Components of fitness
Fitness Testing
Flexibility #
Sit and Reach
Muscular Endurance
30 seconds sit ups
30 second press ups
Muscular strength
Hand grip test
Cardiovascular endurance
12 minutes (Cooper Test)
Body composition
BMI
Name: Chisel
Function: used for cutting or carving hard materials such as metal, stone or wood
Name: Flat File
Function: Used for general filing of hard materials such as metal and wood
Continuous Training – constant rate running or cycling need to work at between 60% - 80% of your Maximum Heart Rate (220-Age = MHR) this type of training develops muscular and cardiovascular endurance but also for burning up body fat and improving body composition – this would be good for training of a 10km or marathon
Interval training: Fixed exercise of high and low intensity exercise eg you might alternate with speed 1 min then a brisk walk for 2 mins then you will repeat for a set time this will improve cardiovascular endurance but you need to overload to improve your fitness
Fartlek – changes of speed it involves changes in intensity without stopping eg sprint for 10 seconds, then jog for 20 seconds repeated for 2 minutes followed by long-stride running for 2 minutes. Good for activities which need a change of pace like football and basketball
Circuit Training – 6 – 10 stations you do specific exercise for a set amount of time before moving onto the next station. You’re allowed a short rest before moving onto the next station. All exercises are different – makes it more interesting, and can changed to meet an individual’s demands it can improve muscular and cardiovascular endurance. for example 30 seconds exercise at each station 30 seconds rest then do the circuit twice or three times these are called sets
Weight Training – improves strength and muscular endurance eg bicep curls, dips, press-ups, sit-ups, squats, squats with a weight – need to think about the number of repetitions at each station or the time at each station for example 30 seconds exercise at each station 30 seconds rest then do the circuit twice or three times these are called sets
Adobe Photoshop T r a i n g Me t h od s
3D Printer
Techsoft 2D design
Laser Cutter
CNC router