1. What is Dissolving ?
When an ionic compound (eg salt) dissolves in water, the compound disassociates. (breaks apart into cations and anions)
Ex: Ca(NO3)2(s) Ca2+(aq) + 2NO3-(aq)
When a covalent compound (eg sugar) dissolves in water, the molecules simply disperse; they do not disassociate. Molecules of the covalent compounds simply disperse due to attraction with polar water molecules.

2. An Ionic Compound Dissolves: A Covalent Compound Dissolves:

3. What really happens when you put
AgNO3 (aq) + NaCl(aq) AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)
What really happens when you put
AgNO3 and NaCl in water?

4. NaCl (aq) Na +1 (aq) + Cl -1 (aq) KEY POINT: really means:
“dissociated ions” or
“ions in solution”

5. KEY POINT:
AgCl (s)
really means:
Solid Silver (I) Chloride.

6. AgNO3
NaCl

7. NO3-
Na+
Ag+
Cl-

8. Na+
NO3-
Ag+
Cl-

9. Na+
NO3-
AgCl

10. Na+
NO3-
AgCl(s)
precipitate
AgCl

11. NO3- Na+ NO3- NO3- Na+ Na+ Na+ NO3- NO3- Na+ Na+ Na+ NO3- NO3- Na+
AgCl(s)

12. AgNO3 (aq) + NaCl(aq) AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)
complete ionic equation

13. Na+
NO3-
AgCl
Reaction

14. No Reaction
Na+
NO3-
AgCl

15. These ions do not participate in the reaction. They are called
SPECTATOR IONS
Na+
NO3-
AgCl

16. The net ionic equation is constructed from the
complete ionic equation.

17. NO3- and Na+ are not participating in the reaction

18. net ionic equation

19. PREDICTING THE FORMATION OF A PRECIPITATE
Consider the possibility that a precipitate may form.
Must use the solubility table
Possible outcomes
No visible reaction (nvr)
Formation of one ppt.
Formation of two ppt. (rare occurrence)

20. Now you try! Write the total ionic and net ionic equations for the following:
Br2(ℓ) + 2NaI(aq) –--> I2(s) + 2NaBr(aq)
2. solutions of lead(II) chloride and potassium sulfate react to form….
(predict the products)

21. Answer #1
1. Complete ionic: Br2(l) + 2Na+(aq) + 2I¯(aq) ---> I2(s) + 2Na+(aq) + 2Br¯(aq) Net ionic: Br2(ℓ) + 2I¯(aq) ---> I2(s) + 2Br¯(aq)

22. Answer #2
2. Balanced equation: PbCl2(aq) + K2SO4(aq) ---> PbSO4(s) + 2KCl(aq)
Complete ionic:
Pb2+(aq) + 2Cl¯(aq) + 2K+(aq) + SO42¯(aq) ---> PbSO4(s) + 2K+(aq) + 2Cl¯(aq)
Net ionic:
Pb2+(aq) + SO42¯(aq) ---> PbSO4(s)