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Watery World Revision Syllabus Requirements;
Water consumption and sources Differences between LIC and HIC consumption How greater wealth increases water consumption Obtaining water from Reservoirs, Aquifers and Rivers Water surplus and deficit on a global scale Water supply problems Differences in problems with water supply in HICs and LICS Management of water usage Water management schemes in LICs and HICs Management of water resources A dispute over water transfer A water management scheme – The Three Gorges Dam
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Explain how greater wealth leads to increasing water consumption (6)
Increased wealth - Around 95% of homes now own washing machines compared to around 65% in 1973 Increases Hygiene - Before the 1950’s is was common to have a weekly bath night!! Many families heated water and put it in a ‘bath pan’ in front of the fire where each family member would bath in turn!! Now most people bath or shower every day increasing the amount of water we use in our homes dramatically! Shower uses between litres per use Increased Leisure - Between 1990 and 2004, 603 new golf courses were built in the UK – all of which need large amounts of water to make the grass grow! Answer:
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With the use of a case study, explain how water can be obtained from Aquifers (4)
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Two types of reservoir Direct supply reservoirs; - store water and supply it straight to water treatment works River regulating reservoirs store water during rainy periods so that rivers can be topped up during spells They release extra water into the river so that it can be taken out further downstream for treatment and supply With the use of a case study, explain how urban areas can be supplied with water from reservoirs (6) Answer:
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Explain the problems associated with water supply in HICs (6)
Rainfall and population imbalance – South East England – over 200 people per km² - below 650 mm rain per year Leakage – in London – more than half of water mains are more than 100 years old – 30% of water supply lost through leaks and cracks – in billion litres of water lost every day in England and Wales because of broken and leaking pipes Seasonal Rain imbalance – Malaga Spain – popular tourist destination – only receives 70mm of rain between May and Oct
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Explain the problems associated with water supply in LICs (6)
Water related diseases – Diarrhoea claims 450,000 lives every year in India Poor access – 1.1 billion people world wide don’t have access to safe water Pollution of water resources through resource exploitation – Occidental Petroleum Company polluted Achuar tribe water supply in Ecuador – survey in 2008 found 66% of children had excess levels of lead in their blood Answer: Malaria
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Explain how water supplies can be polluted through resource exploitation (6)
Achuar Tribe
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Explain how water usage can be managed in HICs (6)
Industrial Agriculture Domestic
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Explain how water usage can be managed in LICs
Try to revise 3 so you could answer a 6 mark Q Explain how water usage can be managed in LICs Hand dug wells Rainwater harvesting Gravity fed scheme Tube wells and Boreholes
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With the use of a case study, explain how a water transfer scheme can cause conflicts (6 marks Jan 2011) Answer:
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For a water management scheme you have studied; explain the effects of the scheme (6) June 2010
Choose 2 positive and a negative or 2 negative and a positive effect of the scheme Answer:
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For a water management scheme you have studied; explain the reasons for the scheme
Answer:
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