1. Ionic Vs Covalent bonds

2. I’m Bond. James Bond

3. Chemical Bonds
attractive force between atoms or ions that binds them together as a unit
atoms which are bonded together form compounds

4. Bonds Form…. To complete an octet, or full valence shell
To makes atom stable
by electrons being held between two nuclei, the degree of separation dictating the type of bond

5. If the electron is closer to the another atom’s nucleus than its own, it is ionic. Basically it gives the electron up to the other atom
If the electron is closer to its own but still under the other nucleus influence it is covalent, meaning shared

6. Remember the periodic trend electronegativity?
Electronegativity—attraction of nucleus to other electrons

7. Ionic bonds are formed from electrons transferring.
Covalent bonds are formed from electrons sharing

8. Polar Bonds
Dipoles – 2 opposite charges separated by a small distance (in this case the bond length)
Ex. HCl H = 2.20 EN
Cl = 2.83 EN
0.63 EN difference
The Cl portion of the HCl molecule is slightly more negative (the electrons are more likely to be found closer to it because of higher EN) and therefore the bond is polar.
H Cl

9. Ionic Compounds
Form due to the electrostatic attractions between oppositely charged (+/-) ions.
Metal + Nonmetal
Crystalline solids (geometric pattern)
Strong intercrystalline attractions
Hard and brittle
High melting and boiling points
Dissolve in water

10. Ionic Bonding - Crystal Lattice
Formula unit = empirical formula for ions
Although the formula for salt is NaCl, you will never find one Na ion bonded to one Cl ion.
How many Cl’s are bonded to each Na?

11. Covalent Compounds
Form by the sharing of e- by two atoms; shared on overlapping orbitals
Nonmetal + nonmetal
Molecules
Weak intermolecular forces (attractions)
Often flexible or soft
Low melting and boiling points