1. Energy use and emissions from transport in Norway
Nina Holmengen
Division for energy and environmental statistics
Statistics Norway

2. Outline
Coherence between energy balance, energy accounts, emission inventory and air emission accounts
Determination of total consumption of energy products to transport
The statistics on deliveries of petroleum products
Model for calculating emissions from road transport
Need for bridging
Industrial breakdown of energy use and emissions from mobile sources

3. Coherence between energy balance, energy accounts, emission inventory and air emission accounts
Statistics on deliveries of petroleum products
Electricity statistics
District heating statistics
Foreign trade statistics
National accounts
Statistics on industrial energy use
Survey on energy goods used as raw materials
Consumption of energy goods in the extraction of crude oil and natural gas, from the Petroleum Directorate
Other
Emission inventory
Air emission account

4. Determination of total consumption of energy products to transport - I
Railways:
Auto diesel: Data from the National State Railways
Road transport:
Gasoline: Total sales exclusive gasoline used in machinery etc.
Diesel: Total sales of taxed diesel plus a small amount of ”tax-free” diesel. Biodiesel figures from oil companies
CNG: Total sales
LPG: Estimate
Domestic navigation:
Natural gas: Sales figures from distributors
Residual fuel oil and heavy distillates: Sales to domestic navigation
Gas oil: Remaining sales after use in other sectors has been subtracted

5. Determination of total consumption of energy products to transport - II
International shipping
Marine gas oils and heavy fuel oil: Domestic sales split between residents and non-residents, and purchase of bunkers abroad (monetary, from national accounts)
Domestic civil aviation
Jet kerosene: Data from aviation companies (total purchase, purchase abroad, and domestic use)
Aviation petrol: Total sales

6. Statistics on deliveries of petroleum products
Examples of relevant consumer groups in the statistics on deliveries of petroleum products
Consumer group 20
Fishing/hunting 21
Distributors 22
Consumers 32
Extraction of crude oil and natural gas 66
Domestic navigation 67
International shipping 53
Industrial buildings
Deliveries from all major oil companies, plus imports
Oil companies have difficulties separating sales to fishing, domestic navigation and international shipping
Deliveries to distributors poses a challenge

7. Model for calculating emissions from road transport - I
Model: HBEFA
Total fuel consumption: Statistics on deliveries of petroleum products
Number of vehicles: Official register of the Norwegian Directorate of Public Roads
Age distribution: Official register of the Norwegian Directorate of Public Roads
Introduction of technology classes: Official register, and legislation
Average annual mileage: Odometer readings from annual or biannual roadworthiness tests (from 2005)
Age distribution of annual mileage: Odometer readings, same distribution used for all years.
Motor cycles and mopeds: Report on transport volumes in Norway

8. Model for calculating emissions from road transport - II
Load data: Statistics Norway’s Road goods transport survey
Transformation patterns: Statistics Norway’s Road goods transport survey
Traffic situations:
Vehicle kilometers on national and county roads from the Directorate of Public Roads
Municipal roads: Estimates from Statistics Norway
Gradient and traffic flow: Assumptions/estimates
Ambient conditions: Air temperature and humidity from the Norwegian Metheorological institute
Trip length and parking time distributions: Norwegian travel survey

9. Need for bridging
Difference between sales figures and bottom-up calculations relatively stable
Difference considerably larger that the estimates for cross-border traffic

10. Industrial breakdown of transport energy consumption and emissions - I
Private households
Petrol: Passenger cars, motor cycles, mopeds and snow mobiles from number of vehicles, driving lengths and consumption
Diesel: Passenger cars, with the exception of a percentage placed in industrial sectors (constant)
Agriculture
Data from the agricultural budget committee
Forestry
Consumption factors from the Norwegian forest research institute
Share of logging with forestry machinery from forestry statistics in Statistics Norway
Oil and gas extraction
Statistics on deliveries of petroleum products, consumer group ”Extraction of crude oil and natural gas”

11. Industrial breakdown of transport energy consumption and emissions - II
Navigation
Sales, and national accounts
Aviation
Aviation petrol: Total sales for aviation petrol
Jet kerosene: All aviation, with the exception of military
Transport in service industries
Petrol:
Education, taxi operation, scheduled urban and suburban motor bus transport and other urban and suburban transport: Number of vehicles from the vehicle register, driving distances and assumed consumption per kilometer.
Other: Residuals, and the distribution between them is done by employment figures and numbers on use per man-labour year from a very old energy survey.
Auto diesel:
Taxi operation: Consumption per kilometer, assumed driving lengths and number of vehicles
Scheduled urban and suburban transport is the sum of passenger and goods transport

12. Emissions from all sources
1 000 tonnes
Of which emissions from mobile combustion (A+B+C+D)
A. Road transport
B. Aviation
C. Navigation, including fishing
D. Other mobile combust.
Emissions from Norwegian economic activity (1+2)
65086
46%
15% 4%
25% 3%
1. International aviation and shipping
13794
100% . 9%
91%
International aviation
1233
International shipping
12561
2. Emissions from Norwegian territory
51292
32%
19% 2% 7%
Agriculture, forestry and fishing
6199
30% 0%
22%
Mining, quarrying, oil and gas extraction, includingservice activities
13979 1%
Manufacturing
11888
Energy and water supply, sewage and waste management, construction
3811
20% 5%
Wholesale and retail trade, motor veh. rep., accommod. and food service activities
675
43%
Transport
7755
99%
56%
14%
Other service activities
619
79%
68%
11%
Public administration and defence
290
81%
35%
37%
Education, human health and social work activities
799
21%
Households
6141
72%

13. Thank you Nina Holmengen Senior Adviser
Division for energy and environmental statistics
Statistics Norway
Telephone: