1. Interactive Notebook Setup
12/6/2017
Kievan Rus & Byzantine Collapse
This will be one page

2. Decline of Free Peasantry
Kievan Rus
Social and Economic Problems
Military Conflict

3. Decline of the Free Peasantry
Nobles took over more and more farmlands once controlled by the free peasantry
Nobles tried to make free peasants serfs on their large landholding
For centuries Emperors protected serfs and prevented this development
A series of weak leader allowed nobles to take more land from peasants

4. Decline of the Free Peasantry
Loss of free peasantry meant a dramatic reduction of tax revenue and military recruits

5. Decline of the Free Peasantry
Government increased taxes on peasants to make up for loss of trading revenue
Taxes were also increased to help pay for the new dependency on mercenaries
Lead to regular peasant rebellions against nobles and emperors
Only further weakening tax and agricultural production

7. Social and Economic Problems
Tension between aristocrats and emperors grew starting in the 11th century
Generals of rural military units called themes become allied with local aristocrats
Intermarry, create class of elites that challenged emperors
Occasional rebellions vs. Imperial Rule

8. Social and Economic Problems
Issues with peasants and nobles caused larger conflict throughout the empire
Byzantines became increasingly dependent on mercenaries and Italian city-states to carry trade goods for lower prices
Italian City-States would eventually take over much of Mediterranean trade

9. Social and Economic Problems
Already strained connection with Western Europe became consistently worse as Catholic and Orthodox Churches grew apart
The Great Schism cost Byzantine Empire important trading and political allies in Western Europe

10. The Byzantine empire and its neighbors about 1100 C.E.

11. Military Conflict
Crusades of 12th-13th centuries rampage through Byzantine territory
Constantinople sacked, 1204

12. MAP OF BYZANTINE PROBLEMS

13. SO…

14. Military Conflict
Nomadic group called the Muslim Seljuk Turks invade Anatolia
Threatens grain supply
Defeat Byzantine army in 1071, creates civil conflict
Period of steady decline until Ottoman Turks capture Constantinople in 1453
Renamed Istanbul

17. SLAVIC MIGRATIONS

18. Kievan Rus 882–1240 Loose federation of cities and princedoms
No large centralized state
Primarily made up of pastoral groups and small agricultural communities
Trade with Byzantine empire & Holy Roman Empire was very important

20. Kievan Rus
Spread of Eastern Orthodox Christianity --> especially to Slavic-speaking peoples in the Balkans and Russia by missionaries in 9th Cent
Cyril and Methodius = created a Slavic alphabet for Bible/religious texts
Called Cyrillic script
Helped in mass conversion

22. WHO AM I? Expanded the Mauryan Empire
Built roads and inns to encourage trade
Converted to Buddhism after the battle of Kalinga
Encouraged the spread of Buddhism to central Asia and southeast Asia
Built pillars with inscriptions to explain laws & history

23. #7 – Ashoka Expanded the Mauryan Empire
Built roads and inns to encourage trade
Converted to Buddhism after the battle of Kalinga
Encouraged the spread of Buddhism to central Asia and southeast Asia
Built pillars with inscriptions to explain laws & history

25. Kievan Rus Most important cities were Kiev, where Grand Prince lived
Vikings used rivers to arrive and trade
Viking/Slavic descendants set up state based on trade and conquest around 9th Century
Most important cities were Kiev, where Grand Prince lived
Founded at meeting of multiple rivers
Prince Vladimir of Kiev converted to Eastern Orthodox Christianity, 989
Converted for trade and political unification purposes

26. What Is It? It was a trade route across North Africa.
It connected the Middle East with sub-Saharan African cultures.
Gold and salt trade
Islam was spread along these routes.

28. Vladimir chooses Orthodox Church

31. Kievan Rus Elites baptized by order of prince, often against will
Conversion led to adoption of Byzantine culture and architecture
Conversion led to literacy, use of Slavonic; Greek traditions
Developed a decentralized state with provinces lead by nobles called boyars

33. Which philosophy contributed significantly to China’s medical practices and art and architecture?
A. Legalism
B. Shintoism
C. Hinduism
D. Daoism