1. Golden Age of Athens
7th Grade

2. 4
461 B.C. Pericles becomes the leader of Athens and the Greek Golden Age begins.
Three goals for Greece:
1.Strengthen Democracy
2.Expand the Empire
3. Make Athens Beautiful

3. Strengthened Democracy
He did this by paying citizens who held public office.
How might this have strengthened democracy?
This allowed even those who weren’t wealthy to serve in the government.

4. Expanded the Empire
He built a strong navy and this enabled Athens to have power over other Greek city-states.

5. Made Athens Beautiful
He rebuilt the city after the Persian war (including the Acropolis).
Constructed the Parthenon which was dedicated to Athena.

6. Architecture Greeks were especially known for their columns.
Doric- sturdy and plain top, used in mainland Greece and southern colonies
Ionic- thinner and more elegant, top is decorated with a scroll-like design, found in eastern Greece and the islands.
Corinthian- seldom in Geek world but more on Roman temples,v ery elaborate and decorative top.

7. Philosophy- the study of basic truths and ideas about the universe
Philosphers
Philosophy- the study of basic truths and ideas about the universe

8. Socrates Socrates: 470-399 B.C.
He believed in questioning his students in the search for truth and critical thinking so they might examine their beliefs. This question and answer type teaching is called the Socratic Method.
He was sentenced to death for being accused of causing young people to rebel.
He died by drinking poison.

9. Plato Plato: 427-347 B.C. One of Socrates’ students.
He wrote a book called The Republic which didn’t describe a democracy but instead where a philosopher-king ruled. It would be a king that was wise, clam, and reasonable.
He started the Academy- a school of higher learning which stayed open for over 900 years.

10. Aristotle Aristotle: 384-322 B.C. Plato’s student
He invented a method of debating that following rules of logic that were later applied to studies in science.
He opened a school in Athens, Lyceum.
He tutored Alexander the Great for 3 years.

11. Math and Science Hippocrates: 460-375 B.C. Physician and teacher
Changed medicine by insisting illnesses were not caused by evil spirits but originated in the body.
Euclid:
He developed the principles of geometry.

12. -It is possible to draw a straight line from any point to any point.
-It is possible to extend a finite straight line continuously in a straight line. (In modern terminology, this says that a line segment can be extended past either of its endpoints to form an arbitrarily large line segment.)
-It is possible to create a circle with any center and distance (radius).
-All right angles are equal to one another. (A right angle is, by Euclid's definition, "half" of a straight angle: that is, if a line segment has one of its endpoints on another line segment and divides the second segment into two angles that are equal to each other, the two equal angles are called right angles.)
-If a straight line falling on (crossing) two straight lines makes the interior angles on the same side less than two right angles, the two straight lines, if produced indefinitely, meet on that side on which the angles are less than the two right angles.
-Things which are equal to the same thing are equal to each other.
-If equals are added to equals, the wholes (sums) are equal.
-If equals are subtracted from equals, the remainders (differences) are equal.
-Things that coincide with one another are equal to one another.
-The whole is greater than the part.

13. History: Greeks were one of the first civilizations to write down their history.
Herodotus: b 484 B.C.
Thucydides
Sometimes called Father of History
First person of his time to travel around the world and report his accounts
Famous for writing History (detailed account of Persian War)
Wrote the Peloponnesian War’s history
Used documents and eye witness accounts to ensure accuracy

14. Greek Art
Artwork idealized the human subjects by showing the Greek definition of beauty.
Artwork showed traits of strength, intelligence, pride, grace, and courage that was admired by Greeks.
Symbolized their pride in their city-states
Many sculptures pictured the gods. Athena was especially popular.

15. The Greek Theater Drama was an art to the Greeks.
They built the first theaters in the western world.
Only men were actors.
Two forms of drama.
Tragedy: love, war, hate
Comedy: made fun of politics or important people and ended happily

16. Greek Literature Long Poems- Epic Poems
Homer composed the most famous epic poems.
Iliad: about the Trojan War (Achilles)
Odyssey: describes adventures of Odysseus after the Trojan War