1. Notes #1
Age of Exploration

2. The effect of the Crusades
Europeans came in to contact with the Islamic World because of the Middle Ages Crusades.
Crusaders would bring back the knowledge & materials acquired from contact with the Muslims:
Spices
Silks / Cotton
Dyes
Technology
This is known as cultural diffusion – the spreading of a regions way of life to another region.

4. Italy Dominates Trade
Italy has a monopoly on trade & becomes the richest area in Europe.
Other European countries want to share in the wealth but ….
Italy won’t allow any European ships on the Eastern Mediterranean
Arab traders won’t trade with anyone but the Italians
Other Europeans need to find a new route to Asia.

5. Italian Controlled Trade Routes

6. Brain Break
Why do you think the Muslims would only trade with Italy?

7. Main Motive for Exploration:
1. Desire for wealth
Europeans demand the luxury items of the East.
Other European countries want to find their own route to Asia in order to share in the wealth.

8. Motives for Exploration
2. Religious: To spread Christianity
3. Adventure: fame, excitement, conquest of the unknown
4. Quest for knowledge:
5. Political prestige:
Nationalism – love for one’s country
Gain world power for one’s country

9. Europeans use new technology.
Astrolabe:
Instrument used to determine latitude
Caravel:
New type of sail
Weaponry:
Cannons
Cartographers:
Mapmakers who updated maps to
reflect N &S America

10. Portugal leads the way Prince Henry the Navigator: Bartolomeo Dias:
opens a school of navigation in 1419
Began by exploring the W. coast of Africa
Bartolomeo Dias:
In 1487, Dias reaches the Southern tip of Africa
Vasco da Gama
In 1498, da Gama Sails around the S. tip of Africa all the way to India.

11. Spanish Explorers: Christopher Columbus:
Financed by Spain, he sails west to find the E. Indies
Discovers the W. Indies & introduces the Americas to Europeans.
Will start a global exchange of goods between the America’s & Europe, Africa, & Asia called the Columbian Exchange

12. Spanish Explorers Ferdinand Magellan
Is considered the first explorer to circumnavigate the world

13. Europeans compete in the New World.
Line of Demarcation:
Pope divides the non-European world into 2 zones
West goes to Spain
East goes to Portugal
Purpose:
To keep peace between the two competitive countries

15. Competition in the New World
Northwest Passage
Explorers looking for a faster route to Asia look for a natural passage way through N. America.
As hard as they tried, explorers could not find the northwest
passage
Because
There Is
None!!!!