1. Teacher Imy Cajigas 7th grade Life Science
Looking Inside Cells
Teacher Imy Cajigas
7th grade Life Science

2. Enter the cell
Cell Wall – is a rigid layer that surrounds the cells of plants and other organisms.
A plant’s cell wall protects and support the cell.
Cell Membrane- it forms the outside boundary to separate the cell from the environment. Controls what substances comes in and out of the cell.

3. Sail on to the nucleus
The nucleus is the control center of the cell that directs all of the cell’s activities.
The nuclear envelope protects the nucleus.
Chromatin are strands that contain genetic material.
Nucleolus- is where ribosomes are made (ribosomes are the organelles where proteins are produced).

4. Organelles in the Cytoplasm
The cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid that is constantly moving. Many organelles are found in the cytoplasm.
Mitochondria- “powerhouse” produce most of the cell’s energy.
Endoplasmic Reticulum- carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another.
Ribosomes- function as factories to produce proteins.

5. Organelles in the Cytoplasm
Golgi Body- Receive protein and other materials from the ER and send them to other parts of the cell.
Vacuole- Stores food, waste products and other materials.
Lysosomes- “cell’s clean up crew” small, round structures that contain chemicals that break down certain materials in the cell.

6. Cell Structure Lab

7. Onion Stained with Iodine
Cell wall
cytoplasm
Nuclear envelope
nucleolus
chromatin

8. Elodea Cells

9. Cheek Cells Stained with Methyl Blue
Plasma
Membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasm

10. Plant Versus Animal Cell
Note the cell wall present in both onion and elodea cells.
No such cell wall is visible in the animal cell.
All cells have visible nuclei and nucleoli, nuclear envelopes, and cytoplasm.

11. Specialized Cells
The cells are quite different from each other and are specialized to perform different functions.
Nerve cells are specialized to transmit information from one part of your body to another.
In many-celled organisms, cells are organized into tissues, organs, and organ systems.