1. What Is History???
History is the story of people’s search to fulfill human needs and wants.
World Intro

2. NEEDS What do Humans need to survive? Water Food Clothing Shelter
Mortality rates and lifespan depend upon these things.
Search for survival!
Water leads people to live near rivers—Nile, Indus, Huang, Jiang,Tigris, Euphrates, ect.
FOOD—grown with water, land to cultivate near water source (hunting, animals)
CLOTHING—can come from plant of livestock which requires land and water
SHELTER—from plant or animal

3. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

4. Prehistoric Peoples
Anthropologists study the remains of the skeletons of hominids
Hominids include humans as well as earlier humanlike creatures

5. First Discoveries
Anthropologists found evidence of humanlike creatures dating back millions of years
1974 in Ethiopia, a team led by Donald Johanson found the remains of a hominid skeleton
The bones belonged to a million year old female hominid
Johanson and his team named the skeleton Lucy

6. The First People
From studying bones this what the first humans looked like
Powerful jaws, receding chins, low foreheads, and heavy eyebrow ridges
Caves
Ate seeds, fruit, nuts, and other plants
Eventually they hunted, which would include the making of tools, and working cooperatively

7. The First People
As they became successful at hunting they began to migrate in search of food
Early people migrated from Africa to Asia
A new human species, Homo sapiens, appeared (100,000 to ,000 years ago)

8. Neanderthal People
In caves in Europe and Southwest Asia, anthropologists have found remains of early Homo sapiens called Neanderthals
Lived about 35,000 to 130,000 years ago during the Old Stone Age
Wore animal skins as clothing and used fire for warmth and for cooking
Their tools were more efficient than the tools of earlier hominids

9. Neanderthal People
Neanderthal people also buried their dead with meat and tools
Why???
Scientists think this shows that Neanderthals believed in some form of life after death
Like earlier hominids, Neanderthals disappeared
No one knows why, perhaps another Ice Age or another group of Homo sapiens grew stronger

10. Cro-Magnon People
About 35,000 years ago, another kind of Homo sapiens, the Cro-Magnons appeared in Europe
They made better tools and weapons
Spear-throwers made them effective hunters

11. Cro-Magnon People Scientists studied Cro-Magnons from their artwork
Paintings of the animals they hunted have been found on cave walls in Spain and southern France
Scientists are not sure why they painted such scenes
Tell a story, a textbook for young children, or a creation myth
By about 10,000 years ago Cro- Magnons no longer existed

12. Cro-Magnon Cave Paintings
cave art

16. The Middle Stone Age
The Middle Stone Age is also called the Mesolithic Age
Widespread use of bow and arrow, fishhooks, fish spears, and harpoons made from bones and antlers
People tamed dogs, which were used in hunting smaller animals
They hollowed out logs to make canoes so they could fish in deep water and cross rivers

17. The New Stone Age The New Stone Age is also called the Neolithic Age
Technology improved with shaping stone tools by polishing and grinding instead of just chipping
Made more specialized tool from a variety of rocks and wood

18. The New Stone Age
Some Neolithic people began settling in permanent villages
They practiced domestication, the taming of animals such as cattle, goats, sheep, and pigs

19. The New Stone Age
The development of agriculture changed the basic way people lived
In prehistoric times people were hunter-gatherers, men went out to hunt animals
Women and children gathered plants and fruit for food
The knowledge that grains and other plants grew from seeds was a major breakthrough in human progress

20. Neolithic Agricultural Revolution
Over time people learned to raise wheat, barley, rice and millet
The invention of the plow and the use of fertilizer marked major steps in the human record
The shift from food gathering to food producing
It revolutionized human life

21. Neolithic Agricultural Revolution
Between about 9,000 BCE and about 5000 BCE many hunting and gathering settlements throughout the world turned to farming
Some grew larger and complex
This revolution led to the foundations of Civilizations