1. using the Arduino to make LEDs flash

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3. 1. plug in Arduino 2. we will be using digital pin 2 as an output to make an LED go on and off
14 digital I/O pins (I/O = input / output)
connect computer to USB plug

4. the circuit
470W
digital I/O
pin 2
digital pin 0

5. enter and run the following sketch
void setup() {
// initialize the digital pin 2 as an output
pinMode(2, OUTPUT); }
void loop() {
digitalWrite(2, HIGH); // set the LED on
delay(1000); // wait for a second
digitalWrite(2, LOW); // set the LED off
delay(500); // wait for 500 ms

6. how the sketch works infinite loop HIGH = 5V and LOW = 0V (Always!!!!)
void setup() {
pinMode(2, OUTPUT); }
void loop() {
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
delay(500);
initialize pin 0 as an output
infinite loop
set pin 0 to LOW (0V)
wait 500 ms
set pin 0 to HIGH (5V)
wait 1000 ms
HIGH = 5V and LOW = 0V (Always!!!!)
time (ms)
voltage (V) 0V 5V
500 ms
1000 ms

7. now experiment on your own!
Try changing the time to 1.5 seconds on and 1 second off
Connect the resistor to digital pin 5 and change the program to match
Blink out SOS in Morse code (dot-dot-dot-dash-dash-dash-dot-dot-dot)
three short pulses (0.25 seconds each) followed by . . .
three long pulses (0.75 second each) followed by . . .
a brief pause (1 second)
repeat a through d using an infinite loop