1. Growth of Islam, Spain under Muslims, Trade, Fall of empire

2. Objectives Explain the movements that emerged within Islam.
Describe the reasons why the empire of the caliphs declined.

3. People
Sunni Muslims
Shiite Muslims
Abbasids
Umayyads

4. Why did islam spread so rapidly?
Gave Arab tribes unity, discipline, and dedication necessary to conquer other people
Holy mission to spread Islam
Those who died in jihad could be sure of a place in Paradise

5. Split with islam 661 Umayyad family claimed the right to rule
Split Muslims into 2 rival camps
Sunni --supporters of Umayyads ( Today 90% of
Muslims)
Shiites--would only accept a direct descendant of the prophet as caliph.

6. umayyads Ruled from 661-750 Built empire larger than Rome
Moved capital to Damascus
Arabs still had important positions in the government , army , and society. This caused resentment among non-Arabs

7. Why is the Battle of Tours important?
It halted the Muslim’s advance into France.

8. In 750 the non-Arabs rebelled against the Umayyads
New family in power the Abbasids

9. Abbasids Wider outlook than the Umayyads
They chose their officials from many peoples, not just Arabs
Moved the capital to Baghdad

10. Spain under muslim rule
A member of the Umayyad family fled to Spain after their downfall in 750.
By 756, he ruled most of what is now Spain and Portugal
Farming, industry, and trade flourished in Spain
Spanish capital of Cordova had blossomed into a center of the arts and learning.

11. Expansion of trade
Communication became easier when people learned Arabic. Caravans traveled to Ceylon and Malaya by sea. They even started a colony in China.
Muslims dominated trade with eastern Asia until the 1400’s. Arab traders brought spices from Asia and sold them to Italian merchants. Through Baghdad passed Chinese porcelain, African gold, and Egyptian grain

12. Decline of the caliphate
Disunity in the Islamic world
The Crusades
Mongols

13. Objectives Explain the movements that emerged within Islam.
Separated into 2 groups the Sunnis and Shiites
Describe the reasons why the empire of the caliphs declined.
Disunity, Mongol invasions , the Crusades

14. People Sunni Muslims Allowed holy people to rule Shiite Muslims
Only descendants of Mohammad could be caliph
Abbasids
Made Baghdad the capital
Umayyads
Did not allow non-Muslims to hold important jobs