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Civil War and Humanitarian Crisis
Syria Civil War and Humanitarian Crisis
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happening-syria-everything-you- need-know-proxy-war-us-russia- iran-turkey
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WHEN did civil war begin?
Arab Spring began in late 2010 in Tunisia and spread east Toppled dictators in Tunisia and Egypt March teen boys arrested & tortured for anti-government graffiti Long-simmering resentment against repressive Assad regimes ignited
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WHO is involved? Bashar al-Assad - Leader of Syria since 2000 Shiite sect known as Alawite - minority His father put down Sunni uprisings and persecuted Sunnis Has used chemical weapons on his own people (sarin gas on civilians) Refuses to give up power
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WHO is involved 2. Rebels - made up of many factions Free Syrian Army - army deserters Al-Nusra Front & ISIS - jihadist groups Kurdish Groups Not united except in their goal to topple Assad regime Largely Sunni; many also used chemical weapons
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WHO is involved from outside Syria?
IRAN - supports Assad regime (Shia) RUSSIA - supports Assad regime militarily since WHY? (Hegemony, prevent Islamist regime, Syrian port of Tartus) HEZBOLLAH - supports Assad regime (Shia party/fundamentalist group in Lebanon)
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WHO is involved from outside Syria?
SAUDI ARABIA - supports Sunni rebels TURKEY - supports non-Kurdish Syrian opposition U.S. - supports moderate rebels & those fighting against ISIS
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ROLE OF UNITED NATIONS February General Assembly passed non-binding resolution endorsing plan for Assad to step down Security Council resolutions to halt Assad’s crackdown on opponents continually rejected by Russia & China February Security Council approved 30-day ceasefire but no way to enforce
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SYRIA BY THE NUMBERS 5 million have fled 6.6 million are internally displaced Estimated 400,000 Syrians killed More than 1,000 children have been killed or injured in just the first 2 months of 2018
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