1. North Withdraws and The Divided South
Chapter 14, Sections 4 and 5
Main Ideas:
Describe the scandal and economic crises of the post Civil-War South.
Define racism and explain its persistence despite the freeing of the slaves and the passage of new civil rights laws, and summarize the principles of Plessy v. Ferguson.
Do Now:
Do Documents 5 – 8 on pages of your packet.
Topics:
Political Scandal
Panic of 1873
Election of 1876
Electoral Commission
Compromise of 1877
Racism
Segregated South
Sharecropping
Effects of Reconstruction

2. Political Scandals Many corrupt officials in Grant administration
Credit Mobilier Scandal
Union Pacific used Credit Mobilier to scam money from Federal government
Salary Grab
Politicians voted to give selves large raises

3. Panic of 1873
Fires in Boston and Chicago led to problems with insurance companies
Led to major depression that lasted 5 years

4. Election of 1876 Rutherford B Hayes (R) Samuel Tilden (D)
Sam Tilden (Democrat)
Election of 1876
Rutherford B. Hayes
(Republican)
Rutherford B Hayes (R)
Union General
Samuel Tilden (D)
With Thomas Nast brought down corrupt Tweed ring in NYC
No Democrat had been elected President since Buchanan in 1856

5. Election of 1876 Tilden was winning 184 to 165 in electoral college
South Carolina, Louisiana, and Florida elections were disputed

6. Electoral Commission
Was created to determine who won disputed elections
5 Representatives, 5 Senators, 5 Justices
8 Republicans, 7 Democrats
Gave FL, SC and LA to Hayes
Hayes wins

7. Compromise of 1877 Democrats let Hayes win if Hayes was winner
Federal troops leave south
Southerners appointed to Cabinet
Southern Democrats get control of patronage
Hayes supports internal improvements in South
Hayes was winner
Compromise of 1877 ends Reconstruction

8. Racism Slavery left legacy of racism
South developed into parallel black and white societies
Some believed a superior/inferior relationship could work and benefit both sides

9. Segregated South Jim Crow Laws – 1890’s
Made segregation official policy of state
Segregation
legal separation of races

10. Segregated South Plessy v Ferguson 1896 –
Plessy refuse to sit in colored train car, took case to Supreme Court
Supreme Court rule “separate but equal” was ok
Justified and defended segregation

11. Sharecropping Blacks did not have land to work on
Whites did not have money to pay for labor
Sharecropping
Tennant would work farm and pay rent with part of crop
Created cycle of poverty in South

13. Effect of Reconstruction
Radical Reconstruction creates “Solid South” for Democrat party
New Southern state constitutions helped poor of both races
Established public education
Blacks got experience in politics
14th and 15th amendments were passed