1. Friday, 9/8/17
1.) Enzymes function as ______________ to speed up chemical reactions.
2.) How are enzymes able to speed up a reaction?
3.) The enzyme catalase is involved in the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. During this reaction, the catalase…
A. Is formed into a new enzyme. C. Is unchanged.
B. Into a product D. Is used up.
Today: Macromolecule Review Activities
Homework: 1.) Unit 1 Study Guide
Print it off (under “Class Assignments”) and complete it this weekend…we will review the concepts on Monday for our Unit 1 test review
2.) Unit 1 Test on TUESDAY, 9/12 (Pds. 2, 4, 6)/WEDNESDAY, 9/13 (Pds. 1, 3, 7)
3.) Enzyme Foldable due on Test Day

2. WORD OF THE DAY Narcotize (verb)
To make dull; stupefy; to deaden the awareness of
“They narcotize themselves with the help of earplugs and sleep masks in order to get a good night’s rest.

3. Five functions of lipids: 1. Long term energy storage
3.) _____________ are used for long-term energy storage, insulation, and protective coatings.
A. Nucleic Acids C. Proteins
B. Lipids D. Carbohydrates
Five functions of lipids:
1. Long term energy storage
2. Protection against heat loss (insulation)
3. Protection against water loss
4. Chemical messengers (hormones)
5. Major component of membranes (phospholipids)

4. pentose sugar (5-carbon) nitrogenous base
4.) A nucleotide is composed of:
A. Three phosphate groups and a sugar C. A sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base
B. A glycerol molecule and three fatty acids D. A phosphate and two fatty acids
Nucleotides include:
phosphate group
pentose sugar (5-carbon)
nitrogenous base

5. Polysaccharide: many sugar units
5. Glycogen, starch, and cellulose are examples of
A. Monosaccharides C. Polysaccharides
B. Disaccharides D. Simple sugars
Polysaccharide: many sugar units
starch (bread, potatoes)
glycogen (beef muscle)
cellulose (lettuce, corn)
How plants store energy
How animals store energy
What plants use for their cell walls (support/structure)

6. 6.) Which two functional groups are found in amino acids?
A. Hydroxyl and amino C. Carboxyl and amino
B. Amino and phosphate D. Carbonyl and hydroxyl

7. Base Pairing Rules: RNA Adenine with uracil (A with U)
8.) Which nitrogen base is found in DNA but not in RNA?
A. Adenine (A) C. Thymine (T)
B. Cytosine (C) D. Guanine (G)
Base Pairing Rules: RNA
Adenine with uracil (A with U)
Cytosine with guanine (C with G)
Base Pairing Rules: DNA
Adenine with thymine (A with T)
Cytosine with guanine (C with G)
There is NO thymine (T) in RNA. Instead, there is uracil (U).

8. 9.) A student tests an unknown colorless solution for the presence of sugars, starches, lipids, and proteins. The results are shown in the table below.
Based on the data collected, which molecules are present in the unknown solutions?
A. Starches and lipids C. Sugars and proteins
B. Proteins and starches D. Lipids and proteins

9. 10.) The most important function of nucleic acids is
A. Increasing rate of chemical reactions. C. Storing energy
B. Forming a barrier between the inside D. Storing information related to heredity and
and outside of a cell protein synthesis
Nucleic acids, especially DNA, contain all of your genes. These are the information that code for all of your traits and make you you. You get your DNA from your parents; it is inherited (heredity).

10. 13.) What macromolecule is shown in the picture below?
-COOH = Carboxyl group
-NH2= Amino group
-Peptide Bonds = Amino acids that are combined form polypeptides which are proteins
A. Nucleic acid C. Lipid
B. Protein D. Carbohydrate

11. Nucleic Acids: Structure
Polymer: DNA or RNA
Monomer: Nucleotide
Composed of: 1.) Phosphate group
2.) Pentose (5-carbon sugar)
3.) Nitrogenous base

12. P P G C T A Base + Sugar + Phosphate = Nucleotide = Monomer1 2 3 4 5 P O 1 2 3 4 5 G C
Entire double helix (DNA) = Polymer T A
-DNA is a double-helix, formed by bonds between the nitrogenous bases
-Does anyone know what types of bonds these are? (Hydrogen)

13. Proteins: Structure Polymer: Protein Monomer: Amino Acid
Amino acids are bound together by peptide bonds

14. Many amino acids (monomer) bound together by peptide bonds and then folded up = protein (polymer)

15. Lipids: Structure Polymer: Lipid (example: triglyceride)
Monomer: 3 fatty acid chains + 1 glycerol

16. C=O is your carbonyl group that is found in lipids

17. Carbohydrates: Structure
Polymer: Carbohydrate (i.e., polysaccharide)
Monomer: Monosaccharides
Composed of: 1 sugar unit

18. Polymer = Cellulose (polysaccharide)
Monomer = Glucose
Many glucose molecules bound together via dehydration synthesis
Polymer = Cellulose (polysaccharide)

19. Carbohydrate Ratio
Carbohydrates contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the following ratio:
1 carbon : 2 hydrogen : 1 oxygen (1:2:1)
Examples: C6H12O6 (Glucose)