1. Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life
Unit 1
Chapter 1

2. New properties emerge at each level in hierarchy
Emergent Properties:
Due to arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases
EX: photosynthesis, nerve cells

3. Properties of Life Order Evolutionary Adaptations
Response to the environment
Reproduction
Growth and development
Regulation
Energy Processing

4. Big Ideas in AP Biology
Big Idea 1: The process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life. *Evolution is the fundamental organizing principle of biology and core theme in this book

5. Big Ideas in AP Biology
Big Idea 2: Biological systems utilize free energy and molecular building blocks to grow, reproduce, and to maintain homeostasis. * Includes: interactions between organisms and their environments, energy transfer and transformation

6. Big Ideas in AP Biology
Big Idea 3: Living systems store, retrieve, transmit and respond to information essential to life processes. *Through DNA structure and function and gene expression

7. Classifying the Diversity of Life

8. What is Science? Inquiry: search for information and explanation
Two main processes:
Discovery science
Hypothesis-based science

9. Ex: All organisms are made of cells
Discovery Science
Describes nature through observation and analysis of data
Data = recorded observations
Qualitative and quantitative
Inductive reasoning: derive generalizations based on large numbers of specific observations
specific  general
Ex: All organisms are made of cells

10. Hypothesis-Based Science
Hypothesis: makes predictions that can be tested by additional observations and experiments
Deductive reasoning (general  specific)
Ex: If all organisms are made of cells
and humans are organisms, then
humans are composed of cells.
If … , then … because… .
Predict outcomes of experiments if the hypothesis is sound

11. Experiments Hypothesis (If …, then ... because…)
Use control and experimental groups
Independent Variable – what is manipulated/changed in the experiment
Dependent Variable – what is measured
If [independent variable], then [dependent variable] because [scientific reasoning].

12. Hypothesis
Explanation to specific question
Based on data
Tested by experiment or continued observation
Either supported or not supported by results
Theory
Summarizes group of hypothesis supported by repeated testing
Broader in scope
New hypotheses can be generated from it
Supported by massive body of evidence
Scientific Law
Statement of fact
Explains things, but doesn’t describe them
Generally accepted to be true and universal
Basis for scientific method