1. Lesson 5.3: Marine Storms
*Refer to Chapter 12 in your Textbook

2. Lesson 5.3 Learning Targets:
Explain how monsoons and cyclones form.
Compare and contrast the types of cyclones.
Identify the wind speed of a given hurricane category.
Describe the impacts of hurricanes on coastal ecosystems.

3. Monsoons
Monsoons: are seasonal wind pattern changes caused by temperature differences between the land and sea
Monsoons occur when warm air over a continent rises and is replaced by cool, moist air from over the ocean
Monsoons cause summers with extreme wind and rainfall and winters with very little

5. Cyclones Cyclones are large, rotating storm systems
Cyclones occurs when moist winds converge in a low pressure system
Coriolis causes the winds to spiral inward
Cyclones rotate clockwise in the North Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the South Hemisphere

6. Cyclones Types of Cyclones: Mid-Latitude: thrive on cold air,
create Nor’easters (snow)
Tropical: thrive on warm air, can strengthen to become typhoons (Pacific) or hurricanes (Atlantic)

7. Storm Classifications
Tropical depression:
Cluster of organized thunderstorms
Given a number, not named yet
38 mph or less
Tropical Storm:
More organized than tropical depression
Given a name (alphabetically)
39-73 mph

9. Storm Classifications
Hurricanes strengthen to greater than 74 mph when more heat and moisture are
added
Causes serious damages,
extreme wind and rain,
storm surge, flooding,
high waves, etc.

11. Naming a Storm A list of names from A-W (excluding Q)
Alternate from male to female
6 lists, repeated in cycle every 6 years
Damaging and costly storm names are retired
If more than 21 storms are named, they start using the Greek alphabet.

13. Anatomy of a Hurricane

14. Anatomy of a Hurricane:
Eye:
Clear, no clouds, warm winds are spiraling up and out, cool winds are descending, safest place to be
Eye Wall:
Clouds, violent storms, warm winds are spiraling at their strongest capacity
Wind Bands:
Clouds, stormy weather, warm winds decrease speed as you go further from the eye wall

15. Categories of Hurricanes
Saffir- Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale:
Category 1: mph
Category 2: mph
Category 3: mph
Category 4: mph
Category 5: >156 mph

16. Most Dangerous Cyclones
Strongest Hurricane Ever Recorded:
Hurricane Patricia, 2015, Cat 5
Strongest Cyclone In World History:
Typhoon Tip, 1979, Cat 5
Deadliest Hurricane in US History:
Great Galveston Hurricane, 2005, Cat 4
Costliest Hurricane in US History:
Hurricane Katrina, $125 billion, Cat 3

17. Most Dangerous Hurricanes:

18. Most Dangerous Hurricanes:
Five Deadliest Hurricanes in U.S. History
Hurricane
Year
Category
Deaths
Great Galveston Hurricane
1900 4
Okeechobee
1928
Hurricane Katrina
2005 3
1500+
Louisiana Hurricane
1893
S. Carolina / Georgia
Data from NOAA.

19. Most Dangerous Hurricanes:

20. Warnings and Watches Tropical storm/ Hurricane Watch:
Tropical storm or hurricane force winds are possible within 48 hours
Keep an eye on the weather and start to collect supplies
Tropical storm/Hurricane Warning:
Tropical storm or hurricane force winds are expected within 36 hours
Same protocol as a hurricane watch, but also now you must watch for evacuation sites
on the news, and prepare your
home for destruction