1. Overview of Anatomy
A. Azami, Ph.D.

2. Overview of Anatomy
Anatomy – the study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another
Gross or macroscopic
Microscopic
Developmental

3. Gross Anatomy
Regional – all structures in one part of the body (such as the abdomen or leg)
Systemic – gross anatomy of the body studied by system
Surface – study of internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin

4. Microscopic Anatomy Cytology – study of the cell
Histology – study of tissues

5. Developmental Anatomy
Embryology – study of developmental changes of the body before birth

6. Anatomical terminology
This generally relates to:
Names of the organ systems or regions
Names of body organs or their parts
Anatomical planes
Anatomical locations

7. Anatomical planes

8. Anatomical Planes
Saggital – divides the body into right and left parts
Coronal or frontal– divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
Horizontal or transverse (cross section) – divides the body into superior and inferior parts

9. Anatomical planes - 1 Median or mid-saggital plane
Passing from front to back in the long axis of the body IN the midline.

10. Anatomical planes - 2
Saggital: Saggital – divides the body into right and left parts

11. Saggital plane

12. Anatomical planes - 3
Coronal or frontal: divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

13. Coronal Plane

14. Anatomical planes - 4
Horizontal or transverse (cross section) : divides the body into superior and inferior parts

15. Horizontal Plane

16. Body Planes 1 2 3

17. Anatomical positions - 1
1. Cranial toward the head
2. Caudal - toward the feet
3. Medial - toward the middle
4. Lateral - toward/from the side
5. Proximal - toward the attachment of a limb
6. Distal - toward the finger/toes
7. Superior - above
8. Inferior - below

18. Anatomical positions - 2

19. Anatomical movements Flexion/Extension

20. Regional Terms Axial – head, neck, and trunk
Appendicular – appendages or limbs
Specific regional terminology

21. Regional Terms

22. Body Cavities
Dorsal cavity protects the nervous system, and is divided into two subdivisions
Cranial cavity is within the skull and encases the brain
Vertebral cavity runs within the vertebral column and encases the spinal cord
Ventral cavity houses the internal organs (viscera), and is divided into two subdivisions: thoracic and abdominopelvic

23. Body Cavities

24. End