1. Renaissance

2. Learning Goal:
Describe the major causes of the Renaissance and the political, intellectual, artistic, economic, and religious effects of the Renaissance.

4. What Was the Renaissance?
A great flowering (i.e. rebirth) of culture, based on classical Greek and Roman (Greco-Roman) ideas and art, that began in Italy in the Late Middle Ages and spread throughout Europe

5. Why A Renewed Interest in Classical World?
Classical culture was never entirely forgotten
Catholic Clergy helped keep knowledge of ancient times alive by copying documents that survived from the classical period.
Still, this knowledge reached few people

6. What brought about a rediscovery this stuff?
In the Late Middle Ages, merchants and Crusaders brought back goods and ideas from the East
Classical learning that had been preserved in the Byzantine Empire and by Muslim Scholars (remember the Islamic Empire)
Scholars started collecting and reading ancient manuscripts preserved in Catholic monasteries
Artists and architects studied classical statues and buildings.

7. What were some effects of Rediscovery of Classics?
In addition to art, Classicism (the study of the Greco-Roman intellectual tradition) also resulted in…
Efforts to introduce reason into theological debates results in the introduction of scholasticism in universities
Scholasticism: method of teaching that dominated the schools of Western Europe from about 1100 until about 1600.
Universities awarded degrees in philosophy, theology, law (Roman and canon), and medicine.
Influenced by texts from classical Greek thinkers like Aristotle
Use of Latin in writing of scholars, lawyers and theologians, yet use of vernacular in literary works

8. Now, lets look a some art to identify Classical Influence in Renaissance Art

9. Classical Art

11. Medieval Art

13. Renaissance Art

14. No need to write any notes on this!

15. Side by Side Comparison
Classical
Medieval
Renaissance
Purpose of the Art
Shows importance of ordinary people, civic leaders, gods and goddesses
Teach religion to people who could not read or write
Show importance of people and nature
Style Characteristics
Detailed and realistic
Minimal details
No background
Halos used to indicate who was holy
Not realistic
Realistic
Emphasis on individual

16. Classical, Medieval, or Renaissance?
As a class determine which piece of Art is from which period.
A – Renaissance
B – Medieval
C – Classical

17. You will learn that fueling this growth and change were:
You will now explore the key changes in Europe that made way for the rebirth in classical arts and learning.
Just as the illustration you analyzed suggests, Europe experienced a flowering of new ideas in architecture, arts, and learning.
You will learn that fueling this growth and change were:
Travel and commerce
Growth of Italian city-states
The development humanism

18. Growth of Trade and Commerce
More trade – More Contact between East and West – Diffusion of Ideas & Information
Where in your notes can you already find two examples of this? Note them here.
Byzantine and Islamic preservation of classical works
Italian cities like Venice were centrally located on the trade routes that linked the rest of western Europe to the East
Mongol conquests in Asia made it safer for traders to travel along the Silk Road to China – Pax Mongolica
Marco Polo’s tales of travel encouraged interest in the East

19. Effects of Growth in Trade and Commerce
A bustling economy
created prosperous cities
A money economy also encourages trade and commerce (no more bartering)
Merchants and bankers grew very rich
Could afford to make their cities beautiful
Wealthy patrons (rich families) could pay for
new buildings and art
Universities

21. Italian City States Renaissance began in Italy. Why there?
Prosperity of the Italian City-States
Why were they prosperous?
Trade!
Central Mediterranean location in middle of trade routes connected distant places with rest of western Europe
People came from all over Europe to buy, sell and do banking
Not ruled by kings or nobles, but independent
City got to keep money from trade and taxes (not going to some far off King)
City got to make their own laws
Some city – states were republics run by an elected councils
Council often made up of rich merchants and powerful guilds
Over time, wealthy families controlled city
The Medici family

22. Some Italian city-states developed specializations
Some Italian city-states developed specializations. Florence became a center for cloth making and banking. Milan produced metal goods and armor. The port city of Genoa was a trade center for ivory and gold from northern Africa. Venice, the most powerful city state, had hundreds of ships that controlled the trade routes in the Mediterranean Sea. Silk, spices and perfume from Asia flowed into Venice.

23. Effects of city-states on renaissance?
Great wealth and desire to compete with fellow city states encouraged
Rich families to pay for creation of
buildings
statues
paintings
Universities
Hospitals
From there, Renaissance ideas spread to the rest of Europe – cultural diffusion
Some Italian city-states developed specializations. Florence became a center for cloth making and banking. Milan produced metal goods and armor. The port city of Genoa was a trade center for ivory and gold from northern Africa. Venice, the most powerful city state, had hundreds of ships that controlled the trade routes in the Mediterranean Sea. Silk, spices and perfume from Asia flowed into Venice.

24. Growth of Humanism
You will get the information about Humanism from the article.
Read the article
Answer the questions
Fill in the graphic organizer on your notes using the information in the article

25. Growth of Humanism Effects: Renewed interest in Classical culture
Scholars traveled fro Italy to learn about new Humanist ideas
People discovered a new way of looking at life
Effects:
Individualism
Questioning the Church

26. Effects of the Renaissance
Great European achievements in art, literature and architecture
Growing secularism: concerned about worldly matters, not so much about the hereafter; replaces Medieval Christian idea of ideal moral citizen
Celebration of Man as rational being in the here and now
Including idea of “Renaissance Man,” multi-talented individual was promoted
These Renaissance ideas in turn encouraged Europeans to examine long held beliefs about
Science:
use of reason to explain natural world led to Scientific Revolution
Religion:
Christian Humanist used reason and empowered individuals to study Christian works and argued for religious reform led to Protestant Reformation
Politics:
Machiavelli writes about political philosophy in The Prince and argues that the ends justify the means.
Feudalism declines, kings consolidate power and wealth
Use of reason to understand government and growing individualism contributes Enlightenment thinking

27. Art, Literature ,Architecture
Protestant Reformation
Art, Literature ,Architecture
Scientific Revolution
The Enlightenment
Celebrate Rational Man
Growing Secularism
Trade
Note how Achievements in Art, Literature and Architecture as well as The Enlightenment, Scientific Revolution, Protestant Reformation coincide with learning goals of unit.