1. Russian Revolution

2. Objectives Students will…
Examine the Russian (Bolshevik) Revolution and its social and political effects in Russia/the Soviet Union.
Analyze secondary and primary sources regarding the Russian Revolution, Vladimir Lenin, and Joseph Stalin.
W.41 Draw evidence from literary or informational texts determining the causes and consequences of the Bolshevik Revolution and Civil War in Russia, including Lenin’s use of totalitarian means to seize and maintain control including the Gulag.

3. Setting the Stage
In 1881, revolutionaries angry over the slow pace of political change assassinated the czar, Alexander II.
Russia was heading toward a full-scale revolution.

4. End to Reform
In 1881, Alexander III becomes czar and ends the reforms of Alexander II.
He institutes autocratic rule: total power

5. Czars Continue Autocratic Rule
Government censors written criticism; secret police monitor schools
Non-Russians living in Russia are treated harshly
In 1894, Nicholas II becomes czar and continues autocratic ways

6. Russia Industrializes
Number of factories doubles between and 1900
Russia still lags behind other European countries.

7. The Revolutionary Movement Grows
Industrialization breeds discontent over working conditions and wages.
Growing popularity of Marxist idea that proletariat will rule
Bolsheviks—more radical Marxists who favor revolution by a small committed group

8. Analyzing Causes

9. Vladimir Lenin

10. Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov = lenin
Bolshevik leader
Ruthless leader
Fled Russia to avoid arrest

11. The Russo-Japanese War
Defeat in the Russo-Japanese War in the early 1900’s causes unrest in Russia.

12. Bloody Sunday

13. Bloody Sunday: The Revolution of 1905
In 1905, 200,000 workers march on the czar’s palace to demand reforms
The army fires into the crowd, killing many
Massacre leads to widespread unrest; Nicholas if forced to make reforms

14. Wwi: the final blow
The Russian military suffered heavy losses during the war
Czar Nicholas II insisted on taking charge on the armed forces
Rasputin gained Alexandria’s confidence and began to influence her political decisions.

15. March Revolution Nobles murder Rasputin in 1916.
In 1917, working-class women led a series of strikes- shutting down all the factories
The czar ordered soldiers to end this, but many soldiers joined the protest and refused to fire on the crowds.

16. Lenin Returns to Russia
In April 1917, Germans aid Lenin in returning from exile to Russia
(pictured in disguise with his goatee shaved and wearing a wig)

17. Bolshevik Revolution “All power to the Soviets”
“Peace, land, and bread”
In 1917, workers take control of the government

18. From Czars to Communists
The Bolsheviks promised to:
End the war
Redistribute land (land given to peasants)
Transfer government power to the soviets
Transfer industries from capitalists to committees of workers.
The Bolsheviks renamed themselves Communists

19. Joseph stalin Stalin—cold, hard general secretary of the Communists
Stalin means “man of steel”
Lenin feared Stalin was dangerous
1928 Stalin was in complete control of Communists

20. Side 2

21. Homework
Using the documents we analyzed in class, compose a well- written essay comparing life for the Russians pre-revolution to life under Stalin.
Which situation were the citizens better off under?
Cite specific examples from the sources on this handout, your notes, or the textbook.
2 paragraphs
UNDERLINE YOUR THESIS STATEMENT