1. 7th grade Science/EQT Study Guide
2017

2. Which component of blood carries oxygen to the body cells?
Red blood cells

3. Which tissue in the skeletal system cushions the area where two bones meet?
Cartilage

4. Many particles, such as dust, are inhaled when people breathe
Many particles, such as dust, are inhaled when people breathe. Which part of the respiratory system filters out the majority of these particles?
Nose

5. Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygen-poor blood to the lungs?
Right ventricle

6. What kind of digestion does your stomach perform on your food?
Chemical & Mechanical

7. Describe how the biceps and triceps work together?
One contracts,
while the other relaxes

8. A patient is having trouble reabsorbing excess water from the digestive system. The first organ the doctor will most likely examine is the?
Large Intestines

9. Which is a difference between the function of most arteries and veins?
Veins carry blood TO the heart, Arteries carry blood AWAY from the heart

10. Which joint provides the greatest range of movement and allows you to move freely in all directions?
Ball & Socket

11. Which type of muscle tires quickly during exercise?
Skeletal

12. As blood flows to the heart from the toes and fingers, it travels mainly through tissue called?
Veins

13. Sometimes when people eat, the food accidentally enters a tube near the beginning of the respiratory system instead of the digestive system. This causes a person to cough. In which part of the respiratory system can food sometimes get stuck and cause difficulty in breathing?
Trachea

14. Redness and swelling may develop in an area near a wound
Redness and swelling may develop in an area near a wound. This reaction by the body means that white blood cells are being carried to that area by which of the body systems?
Circulatory System

15. Which structure contains smooth muscle tissue?
Stomach

16. If a person’s blood lacked platelets, which process could NOT take place?
Clotting of blood

17. The function of white blood cells is to?
Fight Diseases

18. Where is bile produced in the body? What does bile do?
Made in the Liver;
breaks down fats

19. The circulatory system is made up of the?
Heart, blood and blood vessels

20. What are the smallest vessels in the body called?
Capillaries

21. Where does digestion begin?
Mouth

22. What structure(s) enable(s) the small intestine to absorb large amounts of nutrients?
Villi

23. The muscular, baglike organ attached to the lower end of the esophagus that continues the physical digestion of a meal is called the?
Stomach

24. What is the path that food takes through the digestive system?
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum

25. What consists of irregular bones, and protects the spinal cord?
Vertebrae

26. Tissues, organs, organ systems
The correct order for the levels of organization for structure and function are: cells makes up tissues, _____________ makes up ________________, and organs make up _____________ systems.
Tissues, organs, organ systems
Remember cells make tissues; Tissues make organs;
Organs make organ systems; organ systems make organisms.

27. In the respiratory system, what muscle contracts and pulls down allowing air to enter the nose?
Diaphragm

28. What organ in the digestive system connects the mouth to the stomach?
Esophagus

29. What process involves muscle contractions that move food through the esophagus?
Peristalsis

30. Blood from the left ventricle goes to the? What type of blood is it?
Rest of the body;
Oxygen-rich

31. What kind of motion is possible with a hinge joint?
Back and forth motion

32. In what part of the body does most chemical digestion take place?
Small intestine

33. What are the 3 main parts of the nervous system?
Brain, spinal cord, nerves

34. What is a neuron?
A nerve cell

35. Which type of fossil forms through carbonization?
Fossil film

36. What causes variations to arise in a population?
Random mutations in genes

37. Explain what extinction of a species means.
They no longer exist

38. Why do scientists think the fossil record is incomplete?
The formation of fossils is rare

39. What term describes the method used that resulted in certain pigeons with desired traits?
Selective Breeding

40. The tracks can give scientists hints to an organism’s lifestyle
Why do trace fossils provide so much information about how an organism lived?
The tracks can give scientists hints to an organism’s lifestyle

41. Describe a source that can cause variations in a population of organisms.
Changes in genes

42. They are able to Survive and reproduce at a greater rate
According to the theory of natural selection, explain how some organisms are better adapted to a particular environment over other organisms.
They are able to Survive and reproduce at a greater rate

43. Relatedness between species
Scientists compare DNA from a living organisms to identify ________________.
Relatedness between species