1. 3.04 Functions and disorders of the ear
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

2. 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
Essential Questions
What are the functions of the sensory system?
What are some disorders of the sensory system?
How are sensory system disorders treated?
How do you relate the body’s communication to the sensory system?
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

3. Understanding the functions of the ear: Hearing
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

4. Healthy Hearing How do you protect your hearing?
What is the relevance to healthy hearing?
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

5. Understanding the functions of the ear
Sound Activity
What is a sound byte?
Short bit of sound or clip from a longer recording.
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

6. Disorders of the ear
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

7. Disorders of the ear What instruments are used to examine the ear?
What specialist studies the ears, nose, and throat?
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

8. Normal tympanic membrane
Disorders of the ear
Otitis media
What is otitis media?
Who is most at
risk of having
otitis media? Why?
What are the treatment options?
Normal tympanic membrane
Otitis media
Myringotomy
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

9. Otitis Media Infection of the middle ear
Often a complication of a common cold in children
RX antibiotics
If chronic or if fluid builds up –myringotomy (opening in the tympanic membrane) with tubes inserted will relieve the pressure.

10. Disorders of the ear External otitis
Discuss what you see in this picture? (Besides a Q-tip!)
What causes external otitis?
How can it be prevented?
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

11. Disorders of the Ear
External Otitis Media: external otitis, is typically a bacterial infection of the outer ear canal skin and can occur in acute and chronic forms. Proper ear care can avoid most infections.

12. Disorders of the ear What is it? Oto- sclerosis What causes it?
Why is a stapedectomy useful in treating otosclerosis?
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

13. Otosclerosis This is a common cause of deafness in young adults
Stapedectomy a total replacement of the stapes is the treatment of choice
Is an inherited disorder in which the bone stapes of the middle ear first becomes spongy and then hardens. This causes the stape to become fixed

14. Disorders of the ear What are the symptoms of Meniere’s disease?
What causes these symptoms?
How is it treated?
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

15. Meniere’s Disease
A condition that affects the semicircular canals of the inner ear.
Causing marked vertigo (dizziness)
Vertigo can occur at any time without warning.
Causing the patient to be frightened.
Vertigo is accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and ringing in the ears.
Treatment bed-rest, medication may be given to relieve the vertigo and nausea.
Cause is unknown.

16. Disorders of the ear What is tinnitus? Explain this statement:
Tinnitus is a symptom, not a disorder.
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

17. Tinnitus
Is a sensation of ringing or buzzing that is perceived in the ear in the absence of an actual sound stimulus
May be caused by impacted wax, otitis media, otosclerosis, or loud noise.

18. Disorders of the ear What is presbycusis?
Who is most likely to develop presbycusis?
What is the difference between
conductive hearing loss and
sensory hearing loss?
How can they be treated?
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

19. Presbycusis
Is a condition that causes deafness due to the aging process. This can be helped with the use of hearing aids

20. Testing for hearing loss
Rinne test
Weber test
Compare these two tests.
How are they diagnostic?
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

21. The Nose Smell accounts for 90% of taste.
Tissue in the nose, olfactory epithelium, contains specialized nerve cell receptors.
Those receptors stimulate the Olfactory Nerve to the brain

22. Structures of the nose Nares Nasal cilia Nasal septum
Olfactory receptors
Turbinates

23. Smell Trivia
Perfume
The beginnings of perfume use can be traced back thousands of years to the early egyptians.
Burning of resins and woods were used for their fragrance during religious ceremonies
Perfumes was developed to attract the goodwill gods.
When Tutankhamen’s tomb was discovered there was still a trace of the strong fragrance detected. He was buried over 3,300 years ago.

24. Disorders of the Nose
Rhinitis- Inflammation of the lining of the nasal congestion, drainage, infection, fumes, odors, emotion, or drugs.
Deviated Septum
Is a condition in which there is a bend in the cartilage structure of the septum
Symptoms: blockage of airflow through one nostril, difficulty sleeping, headaches, loud breathing, snoring.
Treatment: breathing strips
Septoplasty.

25. Nasal Polyps
These are growths in the nasal cavity associated with rhinitis.
Cause: People with the following conditions are more likely to also have nasal polyps: aspirin sensitivity, asthma, cystic fibrosis, and hay fever
In severe cases surgery may be necessary to remove polyps.

26. The Tongue Mass of muscle tissue.
Bumps on the surface are Papillae, they contain the taste buds (gustatory receptors)
Receptors in taste buds send stimuli through 3 cranial nerves to the cerebral cortex

27. Did you know>>>
Taste is our weakest of the five senses
We have almost 10,000 taste buds, inside our mouths; even on the roof of our mouth.
Everyone’s tongue print is different similar to fingerprints.

28. Disorders of the tongue
Glossitis: inflammation of the tongue
Treatment: good oral hygiene
Strawberry tongue: due to scarlet fever, vitamin deficiency of B12, kawaski syndrome
Treatment:Treat the reason for the condition

29. Thrush
Thrush is a yeast infection of the mucus membrane lining the mouth and tongue
Persons with poor health, very old, or very young, and people with HIV, someone getting chemotherapy.
Prevention: Diabetics keep blood sugar levels normal, when taking antibiotics eat yogurt.
Treatment: Can take nystatin mouth wash or lozenges.

30. Structures of the skin Epidermal layer Dermis layer Subcutaneous layer
Touch receptors : tactile corpuscles located in the skin
Temperature sensors
Pain receptors

31. Did you Know….
Our eyes are always the same size from birth, but our nose and ears never stop growing!

34. Ear Bubble map Four Bubble Map Four
Write a letter to your parents about not being able to hear or see. Remember you must fill the entire paper with your answer.
Complete bubble map in color and color the pictures.
Bubble Map Five
What are the functions of the sensory system?
What are some disorders of the sensory system?
How are sensory system disorders treated?
How do you relate the body’s communication to the sensory system?
Complete the bubble map in color and color pictures.