1. Biology Unit 2 Notes: Types of Cells

2. (1) Types of Organisms Unicellular Organisms: Multicellular Organisms:
Organisms that are made of only one single cell.
The single cell completes all characteristics of life and maintains homeostasis on its own.
Multicellular Organisms:
Organisms made of many different types of specialized cells.
Each different body part / organ is made of different types of cells.
Each type of cell has a unique structure and function.
All of the different cells must work together to complete the characteristics of life, and homeostasis.

4. (2) Multicellular Organization
Smallest Level (Microscopic)
Atoms & Molecules
Cells (The basic units of life.)
Tissues (Similar cells working together on a common function.)
Organs (Different types of tissues working together on a common function.)
Organ Systems (Different types of organs working together on a common function.)
Organism (All organ systems working together to maintain homeostasis.)
Largest Level (Macroscopic)

6. (3) What is a cell? The cell is the most basic unit of living things.
The Cell Theory States that:
All living things must be made of at least one cell.
The cell is the basic unit of life.
New cells must come from old cells (pre-existing cells).

7. (4) Types of Cells Prokaryotic Cells: Eukaryotic Cells
Cells without a nucleus.
Example = Bacteria
Eukaryotic Cells
Cells with a nucleus.
Example = Plant + Animal Cells

8. (5) Plant vs Animal Cells
Because Plants and Animals are different types of organisms, their body parts must carry out different types of functions.
The following are things unique to only plant OR animal cells:
PLANT CELLS
ANIMAL CELLS
Cell Wall
Peroxisomes
Chloroplasts
Enlarged Vacuoles