1. Present Perfect Tense When and how to use it.

2. Example (1)
We use the Present Perfect tense when we don’t know (or care) exactly when a past action happened.
e.g. yesterday, two weeks ago. 
I have done my homework yesterday.
 I did my homework yesterday.
(simple past)

3. Simple Past vs. Present Perfect
 We know when it happened.
 We do not know (or care) when it happened.
e.g. I drew a picture last night.
e.g. I’ve drawn a picture already.

4. Example (2)
We use the Present Perfect tense to show the result of an action, when the result matters now.
ex. (a) Ben is eating dinner.
(b) Ben has eaten dinner.

5. Past tense & Present Perfect
Simple Past
Present Perfect
 verb - 1 word
 verb - 2 words
e.g. I started playing the violin in 2000.
e.g. I’ve played the violin since 2000.
 Hint words: yesterday, last night, last Sunday, last year, ago, in 2000
 Hint words: since, for, already, just, yet, ever

6. The Present Perfect Tense
She has hurt her arm
(The exact time is not
mentioned. What is
important is the fact that
her arm is hurt and she's
got a plaster on it)

7. The Present Perfect Tense
Jill has bought a new horse.
(The exact time is unknown
or unimportant. What is
important is the fact that she
now owns a new horse.)

8. The Present Perfect Tense We use the present perfect tense:
for actions which started in the past and are still continuing in the present.
I have known Sue for five years.
(We met five years ago and we still know each other)
My father has worked here for seven years.
(He started working here seven years ago and he still works here)

9. The Present Perfect Tense
They have been friends for twenty years
(They met each other twenty years ago and they are still friends)
now
twenty years ago

10. The Present Perfect Tense
Susan and Harry have had their dog for two years

11. The Present Perfect Tense We use the present perfect tense:
for actions which have recently finished and their results are visible in the present.
They have just painted the walls.
(They have just finished painting. The paint on the walls is still wet)
He has passed the exams.
(Look at him. He is happy)

12. The Present Perfect Tense
She has picked a lot of flowers.
(she has got some flowers
in her hand, so the action
is finished)

13. The Present Perfect Tense
She has eaten all the candy.
(the box is empty, there is
wrapping paper on the floor)

14. Present Perfect tense
We form the present perfect tense with have / has + past participle. I
You We
They
have
visited
New York. He
She It
John
has
eaten
an apple.

15. Present Perfect tense Regular verbs Present Simple Past
paint
move
visit
painted
have / has painted
moved
have / has moved
visited
have / has visited

16. Present Perfect tense Irregular verbs Present Simple Pastdo be
write
eat
draw
break
speak
have / has done
did
was/were
have / has been
wrote
have / has written
ate
have / has eaten
drew
have / has drawn
broke
have / has broken
spoke
have / has spoken

17. Present perfect tense Irregular verbs Present Simple Past
take
ride
make
swim
throw
see go
have / has taken
took
rode
have / has ridden
have / has made
made
swam
have / has swum
threw
have / has thrown
saw
have / has seen
went
have / has gone

18. ‘Yet’ goes at the END of the sentence or question.
Already / yet
In the Present Perfect tense, we use yet with questions or negative (no) sentences.
Have you eaten lunch yet? (question)
‘Yet’ goes at the END of the sentence or question.
No, I haven’t eaten lunch yet. (negative)

19. Already / yet
In the Present Perfect tense, we use already with affirmative (yes) sentences.
Have you eaten lunch yet? (question)
Yes, I’ve already eaten lunch. (affirmative)
‘Already’ goes in the MIDDLE or at the END of the sentence.
or Yes, I’ve eaten lunch already. (affirmative)

20. ever / never
In the Present Perfect tense, we use ever (question) and never (answer) to express frequency.
Have you ever celebrated American Thanksgiving ? (question)
No,I’ve never celebrated American Thanksgiving . (answer)

21. Already / yet e.g. ______ Mary _______ her homework _____?do
______ Mary _______ her homework _____?
Yes, she __________her homework _______ .
Has
done
yet
has done
already or
Yes, she _________________her homework.
has already done

22. Already / yet e.g. Has eaten yet
______ Ben _______ his hamburger_____ ?
No, he ___________________ his hamburger
_______ .
hasn’t / has not eaten
yet

23. Practice 1 (do) ________ Mum ________ the washing _______ ?
Yes, she _______________ the washing.
Has
done
yet
has already done
2 (sweep)
________ Sally and Joe ________ the
floor _______ ?
No, they____________ the floor
_____ .
Have
swept
yet
haven’t swept
yet

24. Practice 3 (throw) ________ you ________ away the trash _______ ?
Yes, I ______________ away the trash
_______ .
Have
thrown
yet
’ve / have thrown
already
4 (write)
________ Mark ________ the letter
_______ ?
No, he ____________ the letter _____ .
Has
written
yet
hasn’t written
yet

25. More Uses for the Present Perfect Tense

26. Present perfect tense
We use the present perfect tense to talk about actions that started in the past and continue to the present.
e.g. I’ve grown flowers for two years.
2003-now
Now is 2005.

27. Present perfect tense
We use the present perfect tense with since and for to say how long an action has lasted.
I have played the piano since 2000.
I have played the piano for 17 years.

28. Present perfect tense Since
We use since with the present perfect tense to refer to the starting point of an action.
I have studied at this school since 2013.
starting time
2013
Now 2016
(2013 is a point of time, not a period of time.)

29. period of time (for three years)
Present perfect tense
For
We use for with the present perfect tense to refer to a period of time.
I have studied at this school for three years.
Now 2016
starting time
since 2013
period of time (for three years)
( ‘Three years’ is a period of time, not a point of time.)

30. How long …? How long have done ballet? collected stickers?
played the piano?
has
you he
she
done ballet
collected stickers
played piano
since
for
2015.
one year. I He
She
have
has

31. How long have these children done their hobbies?
paint pictures, 2013
A: How long have you painted pictures?
B: I have painted pictures since 2013.

32. grow flowers, six months
A: How long have you grown flowers?
B: I have grown flowers for six months.

33. play the violin, five years
A: How long have you played the violin?
B: I have played the violin for five years.

34. Practice (1) 1 I have had piano lessons _____ ten years.
Use since or for.
1 I have had piano lessons _____ ten years.
2 Peter has collected stamps _____ 2013.
3 Amy has grown flowers _____ last month.
4 My brother has played football _____ two years.
5 John and Jenny have been friends _____ eight months.
6 They have done ballet _____ 2000.
7 My father has driven his car _____ 1996.
for
since
since
for
for
since
since

35. A: How long ___________________ ?
Kate
do karate, last month
A: How long ___________________ ?
B: She _____________________________ .
has Kate done karate
has done karate since last month

36. collect coins, two years
James
collect coins, two years
A: How long _____________________ ?
B: He _______________________________ .
has James collected coins
has collected coins for two years

37. collect seashells, last summer
Shirley
collect seashells, last summer
A: How long ____________________________?
B: She ________________________________ .
has Shirley collected seashells
has collected seashells since last summer

38. Past tense & Present perfect tense
 actions that happened in the past
 actions that started in the past and continue to the present
e.g. I sang yesterday.
e.g. I’ve sung for two hours.
 actions that have just finished
e.g. I’ve just sung a famous song.

39. Practice (2) e.g. I _______ a dress two weeks ago. (make) made
1 I ______________ in Hong Kong since (live)
2 My parents _______ our house in (buy)
3 Miss Lee ___________ at my school for two years. (work)
4 Tom _______ his uncle one month ago. (visit)
5 Polly and Dolly __________ friends since last year. (be)
6 The baby __________ for four hours. (sleep)
have lived
bought
has work
visited
have been
has slept