1. C O C C C C Phosphate group P Nitrogenous base Sugar (ribose or
deoxyribose)
Nucleotide structure

2. P 5’ C O 1’
Nitrogenous
base C 4’ C C C 2’ 3’
Nucleotide structure

3. Structure of RNA
Sugar phosphate
backbone
Nitrogenous
bases

4. 5’ 3’ A T C G C G T A
Hydrogen bonds 3’ 5’
Structure of DNA

6. DNA replication (2:00):
Prokaryotic DNA replication (0:31)

9. Transcription animation (1:28):

13. Translation animation (2:25)